“…On larger spatial scales, physical factors such as spatial position within the drainage network (Osborne & Wiley, 1992;Grenouillet et al, 2004;Smith & Kraft, 2005), river size (Livingstone et al, 1982;Hugueny, 1989), climate (Hughes & Gammon, 1987), along with historical factors (e.g., speciation and dispersal) (Oberdoff et al, 1995), co-determine the composition of available species from which local communities are assembled. Moreover, anthropogenic activities such as land use (Allan, 2004;Cooper et al, 2013), chemical pollutants (Gao et al, 2015), dams (Yan et al, 2011;Freedman et al, 2014), also affect fish assemblages, driving changes in species composition, abundance, and distribution. The relative importance of these factors is, however, likely depends on environmental variability, climate conditions, and human activities in the survey area (Grossman et al, 1998;Jackson et al, 2001).…”