The effects of motorway runoff on freshwater ecosystems: 1. Field study

Maltby, Lorraine; Forrow, David M.; Boxall, Alistair B.A.; Calow, Peter; Betton, Clifford I.

doi:10.1002/etc.5620140620

Cited by 150 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Research has been focused on the association between heavy metals and vehicles (Andoh, 1994;Marsalek et al, 1999), predominantly on heavily trafficked roads, such as motorways (Shutes, 1984;Maltby et al, 1995aMaltby et al, , 1995b. Limitations of both the laboratory and field based investigations have been well documented (LaPoint et al, 1984;Gower et al, 1994Gower et al, , 1995.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the influence of heavy metals on macro-invertebrate assemblages using Partial Cononical Correspondence Analysis (pCCA)

Beasley

Kneale

2003

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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This paper defines the spectrum of impairment to stream macroinvertebrates arising from urban runoff. Field sampling of stream sediments at 62 sites across Yorkshire, UK was used to investigate the influence of heavy metals and habitat on macroinvertebrate family distribution using partial Canonical Correspondence Analysis (pCCA). Increasing urbanization and trafficking was associated with increasing levels of metal pollution but, even when traffic is light, family numbers can be reduced by 50%. Industrial areas and motorway runoff depress macroinvertebrate numbers but drainage from streets with no off-road parking in residential areas can have similar impacts. The heavy metals in the sediment accounted for approximately 24% of the variation in macroinvertebrate community composition while the physical habitat variables used in RIVPACS (River InVertebrate Prediction And Classification System) (Wright, 2000) accounted for an additional 30%. Zinc and nickel were the main metal influences regardless of the time of sampling; at these sites copper is less than critical. Results agree with those reported in other studies in which families mainly from the orders Ephemeroptera (mayfly), Plecoptera (stonefly) and Tricoptera (caddisfly) displayed metal sensitivity in that they were absent from metal polluted streams. However, within each of these orders, a continuum of sensitivity is evident: this highlights the risks of generalising on orders rather than using family or indeed species data.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the influence of heavy metals on macro-invertebrate assemblages using Partial Cononical Correspondence Analysis (pCCA)

Beasley

Kneale

2003

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Low-molecular weight PAHs e.g. naphthalene, are emitted mainly in the gas phase and become dispersed in the atmosphere, whereas higher molecular weight compounds are emitted in particulate form (Maltby et al 1995a). PAHs are also hydrophobic and have a tendency to adsorb to particulate matter.…”

Section: Road Runoffmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contaminants and pollutants

Stengel

O’Reilly

O’Halloran

2006

The Ecology of Transportation: Managing Mobility for the Environment

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“…Pollutants such as hydrocarbons and heavy metals in surface run-off from the road Pollutants may enter the stream network and cause changes in the diversity and composition of aquatic macroinvertebrates. Maltby et al 1995. Changes in streamflow.…”

Section: Changes In Local Hydrologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of roads on wildlife in an intensively modified landscape

Underhill¹,

Angold²

2000

Environ Rev.

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This paper examines the ecological impacts arising from road networks and the potential ameliorating effects of roadside habitat in a highly modified landscape. A UK focus has been adopted to illustrate the effects of roads in a landscape with a long history of land use and intensive land management where the impacts and the potential for improvement are considerable.The impacts of roads in the ecological landscape include habitat loss, fragmentation, and degradation. These interrupt and modify natural processes altering community structures and in the longer term, population dynamics. The large number of fauna fatalities each year from road traffic accidents is also of concern. Road verges can however also provide habitat opportunities and restore connectivity in an otherwise fragmented landscape offering potential to offset some of the adverse impacts of the existing road network. This review demonstrates that roads can present both ecological costs and ecological benefits although currently there is insufficient evidence to confirm some of the key theories which relate to the impact of the barrier effects (at population level) or the value of road verges as ecological corridors. In the absence of complete information the full extent of the problems and opportunities cannot be gauged and every effort should be made therefore to enhance the habitat adjacent to existing roads and to constrain further fragmentation caused by the development of the existing road network. Where further construction is unavoidable conditions should be enforced to prevent roads from reducing further the remaining habitats of conservation value and the connectivity between such habitats.

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The effects of motorway runoff on freshwater ecosystems: 1. Field study

Cited by 150 publications

References 64 publications

Investigating the influence of heavy metals on macro-invertebrate assemblages using Partial Cononical Correspondence Analysis (pCCA)

Investigating the influence of heavy metals on macro-invertebrate assemblages using Partial Cononical Correspondence Analysis (pCCA)

Contaminants and pollutants

Effects of roads on wildlife in an intensively modified landscape

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