The Effects of Photodynamic Therapy in Upper-Gastrointestinal Malignant Diseases

Kim, Key Hyeon; Park, Jong Jae

doi:10.5009/gnl.2010.4.s1.s39

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…PDT is considered an effective method for early treatment of cancer and a palliative treatment of advanced cancer [ 30 ]. Using a combination of nontoxic photosensitizing chemical and visible light to destroy the tumor through the generation of reactive oxygen species [ 30 ], PDT presents advantages over chemotherapy, such as lower toxicity and higher safety in the treatment of malignant lesions [ 31 ]. However, there are limitations on the use of PDT, as the efficacy of the treatment depends on the light penetration into the target tissue and also on the photophysical and photochemical characteristics of the chosen photosensitizing agent [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antitumor activity of photodynamic therapy performed with nanospheres containing zinc-phthalocyanine

et al. 2013

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BackgroundThe increasing incidence of cancer and the search for more effective therapies with minimal collateral effects have prompted studies to find alternative new treatments. Among these, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been proposed as a very promising new modality in cancer treatment with the lowest rates of side effects, revealing itself to be particularly successful when the photosensitizer is associated with nanoscaled carriers. This study aimed to design and develop a new formulation based on albumin nanospheres containing zinc-phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate (ZnPcS4-AN) for use in the PDT protocol and to investigate its antitumor activity in Swiss albino mice using the Ehrlich solid tumor as an experimental model for breast cancer.MethodsEhrlich tumor’s volume, histopathology and morphometry were used to assess the efficacy of intratumoral injection of ZnPcS4-AN in containing tumor aggressiveness and promoting its regression, while the toxicity of possible treatments was assessed by animal weight, morphological analysis of the liver and kidneys, hemogram, and serum levels of total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase, creatinine and urea. In order to evaluate the efficacy of PDT, groups of animals treated with intratumoral injection of doxorubicin (Dox) were also investigated.ResultsIntratumoral injection of ZnPcS4-AN was found to be efficient in mediating PDT to refrain tumor aggressiveness and to induce its regression. Although tumor volume reduction was not significant, PDT induced a remarkable increase in the necrosis area seen in the tumor’s central region, as in other experimental groups, including tumor and Dox treated groups, but also in the tumor’s peripheral region. Further, PDT showed minimal adverse effects. Indeed, the use of ZnPcS4-AN in mediating PDT revealed anti-neoplastic activity similar to that obtained while using intratumoral Dox therapy.ConclusionsPDT mediated by the new formulation ZnPcS4-AN enhanced the inhibition of tumor growth while producing practically no adverse effects and thus emerges as a very promising nanotechnology-based strategy for solid cancer treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antitumor activity of photodynamic therapy performed with nanospheres containing zinc-phthalocyanine

et al. 2013

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“…PDT’s drawbacks include impaired cellular uptake and the weak biodistribution of highly lipophilic PSs. Indeed, the off-target accumulation of PSs may yield mild but long-lasting problems such as skin photosensitivity leading to burns, swelling pain, and scarring in the normal tissues near the tumor environment [ 29 ]. Therefore, after PS administration, reticuloendothelial (RES) cells can rapidly degrade or eliminate PSs from the tumor microenvironment [ 3 ].…”

Section: Photodynamic Therapy Mechanism and Advantagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, in early upper GI cancer patients who are subjected to high risk of curative surgical resection or systemic chemotherapy, PDT can be an effective alternative therapy. PDT has shown positive results in specific clinical trials with various upper GI cancers to boost treatment efficacy for upper GI cancer [ 29 , 60 ]. Esophageal cancer was among the first PDT treatment options approved in both the United States and Japan for endoscopic operations.…”

Section: Clinical Application Of Pdt For Solid Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in Clinical Trials of Photodynamic Therapy for Solid Tumors and the Role of Nanomedicine

Alsaab

Alghamdi

Alotaibi

et al. 2020

Cancers

108

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Current research to find effective anticancer treatments is being performed on photodynamic therapy (PDT) with increasing attention. PDT is a very promising therapeutic way to combine a photosensitive drug with visible light to manage different intense malignancies. PDT has several benefits, including better safety and lower toxicity in the treatment of malignant tumors over traditional cancer therapy. This reasonably simple approach utilizes three integral elements: a photosensitizer (PS), a source of light, and oxygen. Upon light irradiation of a particular wavelength, the PS generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), beginning a cascade of cellular death transformations. The positive therapeutic impact of PDT may be limited because several factors of this therapy include low solubilities of PSs, restricting their effective administration, blood circulation, and poor tumor specificity. Therefore, utilizing nanocarrier systems that modulate PS pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) is a promising approach to bypassing these challenges. In the present paper, we review the latest clinical studies and preclinical in vivo studies on the use of PDT and progress made in the use of nanotherapeutics as delivery tools for PSs to improve their cancer cellular uptake and their toxic properties and, therefore, the therapeutic impact of PDT. We also discuss the effects that photoimmunotherapy (PIT) might have on solid tumor therapeutic strategies.

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“…The triple state either can undergo a type I reaction, which is oxygen independent and reacts with an organic molecule directly to form free radicals, or a type II reaction in which the excess energy is transferred to molecular oxygen (O 2 ), leading to the formation of singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) (14,15). These two reactions lead to the production of ROS, which causes fatal damage to neoplastic tissues (16,17). PDT-induced stress triggers a number of cellular responses, such as apoptosis, necrosis, and/or autophagic cell death, in cancer cells (18,19).…”

Section: Review Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Application of photodynamic therapy for liver malignancies

Zou

Wang²,

Zhou

et al. 2020

J Gastrointest Oncol

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Liver malignancies include primary and metastatic tumors. Limited progress has been achieved in improving the survival rate of patients with advanced stage liver cancer and who are unsuitable for surgery.Apart from surgery, chemoradiotherapy, trans-arterial chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation, a novel therapeutic modality is needed for the clinical treatment of liver cancer. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a novel strategy for treating patients with advanced cancers; it uses a light-triggered cytotoxic photosensitizer and a laser light. PDT provides patients with a potential treatment approach with minimal invasion and low toxicity, that is, the whole course of treatment is painless, harmless, and repeatable.Therefore, PDT has been considered an effective palliative treatment for advanced liver cancers. To date, PDT has been used to treat hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, hepatoblastoma and liver metastases. Clinical outcomes reveal that PDT can be considered a promising treatment modality for all liver cancers to improve the quality and quantity of life of patients. Despite the advances achieved with this approach, several challenges still impede the application of PDT to liver malignancies. In this review, we focus on the recent advancements and discuss the future prospects of PDT in treating liver malignancies.

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The Effects of Photodynamic Therapy in Upper-Gastrointestinal Malignant Diseases

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Antitumor activity of photodynamic therapy performed with nanospheres containing zinc-phthalocyanine

Antitumor activity of photodynamic therapy performed with nanospheres containing zinc-phthalocyanine

Progress in Clinical Trials of Photodynamic Therapy for Solid Tumors and the Role of Nanomedicine

Application of photodynamic therapy for liver malignancies

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