The emergence of biosphere entrepreneurship: are social and business entrepreneurship obsolete?

Abstract

This article combines entrepreneurship, economics and sustainability to build a new theory of biosphere entrepreneurship. Going beyond business and social entrepreneurship, which add value to economic and social spheres, respectively, biosphere entrepreneurship adds value to the biosphere. The purpose of this article is to define biosphere entrepreneurship, and to devise and extend mental models (frameworks) relating entrepreneurship and climate change in order to facilitate theory building. Using images and visual depictions, the article elaborates a series of illustrative candidate frameworks that suggest a theoretical model of biosphere entrepreneurship. The article aims to show how the Earth, humanity, and the economy are connected through negative and positive entrepreneurship. It extends extant frameworks from the fields of financial and capital, entrepreneurial allocation, risk and survival, value and disvalue creation, growth and de-growth, socio-cultural frameworks, and entrepreneurial opportunity in order to substantiate the existence of entrepreneurial activity that adds value to Earth. The article concludes with implications for entrepreneurship education. What should educators be doing to help our young entrepreneurs come to grips with existential and catastrophic risks to the planet? (Includes 11 colour figures)

Social entrepreneurship and corporate sustainable development. Evidence from Vietnam

“…The first and foremost limitation of this article is to assume, for the purpose of research simplification, that only commercial and social entrepreneurship are subjects of analysis. However, in this article, authors have signalled other kinds of entrepreneurship such as biosphere entrepreneurship (Frederick, 2018), digital and innovative entrepreneurship (Tien & Anh, 2018;Tien & Hoang, 2019a) and the fact that most of entrepreneurship initiatives and activities are of hybrid (mixed) form. The next limitation of this research, due to limited time and resource, is not to conduct empirical study on a wider scale (it does not embrace a larger number of research objects), without referring to different industries (it does not segment researched enterprises into different sectors).…”

“…In light of fastchanging social and business environment, social entrepreneurs face the ongoing challenges of validating their visions and purposes both to the business and to the society. For example, social entrepreneurship understanding could be widened by the biosphere entrepreneurship concept that goes beyond the commercial and current social entrepreneurship concept, stressing the issues of climate change, environmental degradation and existential interest of the globe to prevent the threat of catastrophic vision of the end of Earth (Frederick, 2018). Another example is the concept of innovative and digital entrepreneurship promoted and related to adequate skills trained in line with the reality of Industry 4.0 (Tien & Anh, 2018).…”

Strategic Dimension of Social Entrepreneurship in Vietnam

“…Social entrepreneurs face the ongoing challenge of validating their visions and purposes both to business and to society. For example, social entrepreneurship understanding could be widened by the biosphere entrepreneurship concept that goes beyond the commercial (traditional, conventional) and social entrepreneurship concept, stressing the issues of climate change, environmental degradation and existential interest of the globe to prevent the threat of catastrophic vision of the end of Earth [30]. Another example is the concept of innovative entrepreneurship promoted and related to adequate skills trained by universities all over the world facing the reality of Industry 4.0 [31].…”

“…The first and foremost limitation in this article is to assume, for the simplification purpose of this research that only commercial and social type of entrepreneurship exist and are subjects of analysis. However, in this article, author also signaled and pointed out to other kinds of entrepreneurship such as biosphere entrepreneurship [30] and innovative entrepreneurship [31] and the fact that most of the entrepreneurship initiatives and activities are of hybrid (mixed) form. The next limitation of this research is not to conduct empirical study on a wider scale (it does not embrace a larger number of research objects), without referring to different industries (it does not segment the researched enterprises into different business sectors).…”

Facilitadores e Dificultadores do Empreendedorismo: Uma Survey no Rio Grande do Norte

“…A partir da observação, da percepção e análise de atividades, tendências e desenvolvimento surge a ideia de um empreendimento, o qual é influenciado pela cultura, sociedade, hábitos sociais e de consumo (BERNARDI, 2009;SOUZA et al, 2016;GEM, 2017;FREDERICK, 2018). Para Bernardi (2009), a identificação ou visualização de oportunidades em relação às necessidades não atendidas e demandas prováveis é o que vai definir a ideia do empreendimento.…”