The Epidemiology of Osteomyelitis in Children

Walter, Nike; Bärtl, Susanne; Alt, Volker; Rupp, Markus

doi:10.3390/children8111000

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The total OAI incidence in our study was similar to other studies 3,4 but nevertheless declined steadily over the study period. This is in conflict with results from other studies 28 . The reason for this decline is not obvious.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

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Simplified antibiotic treatment for paediatric osteoarticular infections achieved good outcomes

2022

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Aim Early diagnosis of osteoarticular infections (OAI) in children and effective treatment prevents complications. The objective of this study was to evaluate effectiveness and safety of shortened intravenous antibiotic treatment of OAI. Incidence, diagnostics and pathogens of paediatric OAI were assessed. Methods This retrospective study included all paediatric OAI admissions to The Children's Hospital Iceland in 2006–2020. The treatment was evaluated by dividing the study cohort into two groups. The simplified treatment group received intravenous antibiotics for less than 7 days. The longer intravenous group received intravenous antibiotics for a minimum of 7 days. Results In total, 205 cases of OAI were included: 106 osteomyelitis, 83 septic arthritis and 16 with both. Age standardised incidence was 17 per 100,000 children and decreased over the study period (p = 0.004). A pathogen was identified in 37% (75/205) of cases of which 65% (49/75) were Staphylococcus aureus and 12% (9/75) Kingella kingae. Simplified treatment was not associated with increased risk of complications. Conclusion This study supports claims that simplified treatment for OAI is safe and effective. Further simplification of treatment might be viable. For uncertain reasons the incidence of OAI was decreasing in Iceland, predominantly in young children.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

“…This is in conflict with results from other studies. 28 The reason for this decline is not obvious. In an earlier Icelandic nationwide study on OAI, 29 increasing incidence was noted and peaked at the end of that study, immediately preceding the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simplified antibiotic treatment for paediatric osteoarticular infections achieved good outcomes

2022

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“…For patients aged 3-6 years, enchondromatosis was the most common, which is in line with previous research showing it often starts in early childhood due to rapid bone growth during this period [ 11 ]. However, the presence of chondromyxoid fibroma and acute osteomyelitis in this age group is somewhat surprising because these conditions are usually seen in older children and young adults [ 12 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Characteristics of Pediatric Clavicular Lesions: A Retrospective Analysis of 20 Cases

Jiang,

Li,

Guo

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Background This research aims to study the diagnostic patterns, anatomical locations, and age-related trends in pediatric clavicular lesions, filling a gap in pediatric-specific data for these conditions. Methodology A retrospective study of 20 pediatric patients (aged ≤14 years) with clavicular lesions was conducted based on inclusion and exclusion criteria emphasizing confirmed diagnosis and treatment specifics. The diagnostic process relied on open biopsy, followed by excision or curettage and histopathological examination. Results The study primarily involved patients with an average age of 7.1 ± 3.8 years. Eosinophilic granuloma was the most common diagnosis (30% of cases), particularly in the age group of 0-3 years. Clavicular lesions predominantly manifested as either a palpable lump or localized swelling with pain. The medial of the clavicle was the most frequent lesion location. No malignant tumors were found, and the functional outcomes post-treatment were satisfactory. Conclusions Pediatric clavicular lesions exhibit distinct diagnostic and anatomical characteristics compared to adults. Eosinophilic granuloma is significantly prevalent in early childhood, necessitating age-specific diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. The study advocates for multidisciplinary collaboration in the treatment and improved understanding of these lesions, which are vital for pediatric orthopedic oncology.

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“…The incidence of pediatric osteomyelitis in high-income countries is 1.94–13 per 100,000 populations is lower than that of low-income countries which is 43–200 per 100,000 populations [ 2 ]. The annual prevalence and incidence of pediatric osteomyelitis were reported to be 20 and 9.2–13 cases per 100,000 individuals respectively [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. The prevalence of osteomyelitis in Germany was 16.7 cases per 100,000 population in 2018 which increased by 10.44% from 2008 [ 7 ] while the incidence of osteomyelitis in the United States was reported to be 90 cases per 100,000 patients per year [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and Safety of Antibiotic Impregnated Microporous Nanohydroxyapatite Beads for Chronic Osteomyelitis Treatment: A Multicenter, Open-Label, Prospective Cohort Study

Jiamton,

Apivatgaroon,

Aunaramwat

et al. 2023

Antibiotics

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Chronic osteomyelitis is still a serious health problem that causes disabling conditions and has an impact on the quality of life. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical efficacy and safety of localized antibiotics delivery via impregnated microporous nanohydroxyapatite (nHA-ATB) beads for chronic osteomyelitis treatment. A total of 62 patients were enrolled in this study. After radical surgical debridement, the bone defect was filled with three types of antibiotics (vancomycin or gentamicin or fosfomycin) impregnated HA beads. The follow-up period was 48 weeks. It was found that the success rate was approximately 98% with a re-infection in only one patient. Quality of life of all patients after treatment improved significantly over time. Systemic exposure to vancomycin and gentamicin after beads implantation was limited and high local antibiotics concentrations were found in wound drainage fluid at 24, 48 and 72 h. Blood biochemistry measurements did not show any nephrotoxic or hepatotoxic effects. 20 adverse events were reported, but 90% of the events were resolved without having to remove the beads and the patients recovered. Satisfactory outcomes were observed in terms of success rate, quality of life and adverse effect. nHA-ATB beads impregnated by vancomycin or gentamicin or fosfomycin could potentially be employed as an alternative product of choice for localized antibiotics delivery in chronic osteomyelitis treatment.

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The Epidemiology of Osteomyelitis in Children

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

Simplified antibiotic treatment for paediatric osteoarticular infections achieved good outcomes

Simplified antibiotic treatment for paediatric osteoarticular infections achieved good outcomes

Clinical Characteristics of Pediatric Clavicular Lesions: A Retrospective Analysis of 20 Cases

Efficacy and Safety of Antibiotic Impregnated Microporous Nanohydroxyapatite Beads for Chronic Osteomyelitis Treatment: A Multicenter, Open-Label, Prospective Cohort Study

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