The expression profiles of the galectin gene family in colorectal adenocarcinomas

Gopalan, Vinod; Saremi, Nassim; Sullivan, Elizabeth; Kabir, Sadiul; Lu, Cu-Tai; Salajegheh, Ali; Leung, Melissa; Smith, Robert A.; Lam, Alfred King‐Yin

doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2016.02.016

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…There are first hints that Gal‐12 expression is downregulated during cancer progression . In a recent study low Gal‐12 mRNA expression in CRC tumors correlated with increased lymphovascular invasion and cancer recurrence after surgery . Since our data suggest Gal‐12 expression in CRC is silenced by hypermethylation of regulatory sites in the LGALS12 gene, we conducted detailed methylation analysis of its promoter region in a representative CRC cell line.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Analyzing epigenetic control of galectin expression indicates silencing of galectin‐12 by promoter methylation in colorectal cancer

et al. 2017

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Galectins, a class of lectins with specificity for ß-galactoside containing glycoconjugates, modulate several cellular processes that are involved in the control of normal cell growth, differentiation, cell-cell, and cell matrix interactions. Pathological alterations of the galectin expression pattern have been implicated in the development and progression of cancer. We therefore analyzed epigenetic mechanisms for control of galectin expression in 9 colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines. Our data demonstrate that expression of galectins-1, -2, -7, -8, and -9 can be regulated by histone acetylation in CRC cell lines. In addition, the same set of galectins was also found to be modulated by DNA methylation. Of particular note, galectin-12 is silenced in all tested CRC cell lines but known to be re-expressed upon butyrate-induced differentiation and present in normal colonic mucosa. Loss of galectin-12 expression in undifferentiated CRC cells is associated with promoter hypermethylation and for the first time we provide detailed methylation analysis of the promoter region. In CRC tumor tissue, galectin-12 expression was downregulated in 66% of CRC tissue specimens as compared to adjacent normal tissue hinting to a possible tumor-suppressing function in CRC. © 2017 IUBMB Life, 69(12):962-970, 2017.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Analyzing epigenetic control of galectin expression indicates silencing of galectin‐12 by promoter methylation in colorectal cancer

et al. 2017

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“…For instance, the galectin-3 gene has a binding site for p53, and p53 increases the transcription of paralogue galectin-7 51 – 53 . Altered expression of galectin genes, including CLC , was implicated in cancer emergence and progression, highlighting the role of the galectins in cell proliferation via cell death programs 54 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection scan reveals three new loci related to high altitude adaptation in Native Andeans

Jacovas

Couto-Silva

Nunes

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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The Andean Altiplano has been occupied continuously since the late Pleistocene, ~12,000 years ago, which places the Andean natives as one of the most ancient populations living at high altitudes. In the present study, we analyzed genomic data from Native Americans living a long-time at Andean high altitude and at Amazonia and Mesoamerica lowland areas. We have identified three new candidate genes - SP100, DUOX2 and CLC - with evidence of positive selection for altitude adaptation in Andeans. These genes are involved in the TP53 pathway and are related to physiological routes important for high-altitude hypoxia response, such as those linked to increased angiogenesis, skeletal muscle adaptations, and immune functions at the fetus-maternal interface. Our results, combined with other studies, showed that Andeans have adapted to the Altiplano in different ways and using distinct molecular strategies as compared to those of other natives living at high altitudes.

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“…Galectin-3 is a β-galactoside-binding protein with critical roles in cell growth, proliferation, cell to cell and matrix adhesion, transformation, tumorigenesis and angiogenesis (25)(26)(27)(28). This marker was also shown to be related with tumor progression and chemotherapy sensitivity in certain types of cancer, suggesting a molecular target to prevent metastasis (27,(29)(30)(31)(32). Galectin-3 expression has been accepted as a diagnostic marker for malignant thyroid lesions (33,34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between Lymph Node Metastasis and Molecular Markers in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

et al. 2018

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Context.There is no consensus regarding routine usage and benefits of molecular markers for prediction of prognosis and assessment of risk groups in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC).Objective. We aimed to investigate NIS, Galectin-3, PTEN, P53 and Ki67 expressions in tumor tissue and metastatic lymph nodes in PTC and their association with lymph node metastasis and prognosis.Material and Methods. Ninety two papillary thyroid cancer patients who underwent total thyroidectomy and central lymph node dissection were included in this study. NIS, Galectin-3, PTEN, P53 and Ki67 immunohistochemical stainings were performed for all surgical tumor tissues and metastatic lymph nodes of the 38 patients. Age, gender, tumor size, multifocality, capsular invasion, extrathyroidal extension and lymphocytic thyroiditis were assessed retrospectively.Results. Seventy three females (79.3%) and nineteen males (20.7%) were included in this study. Risk of lymph node metastasis was higher in tumors with capsular invasion and extrathyroidal extension (p=0.03 and p < 0.001). NIS, PTEN and Galectin-3 protein expressions in tumor tissue were not associated with gender, tumor size, multifocality, extrathyroidal extension, capsular invasion, lymph node metastasis and tumor recurrence. Mean Ki 67 proliferation index was 2.08±0.95%. Ki 67 proliferation index was associated with tumor size (p=0.012). Intensity and expression of NIS and PTEN in tumor tissue were concordant with intensity and expression in metastatic lymph nodes (p<0.001). Ki 67 proliferation index in tumor was concordant with metastatic lymph nodes (p=0.02).Conclusions. NIS, PTEN, Galectin-3, Ki67 and P53 expressions were not associated with the risk of lymph node metastasis in PTC patients. Routine analysis of these markers does not seem to be favorable. Further studies with new markers are necessary to determine prognostic predictors.

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The expression profiles of the galectin gene family in colorectal adenocarcinomas

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Analyzing epigenetic control of galectin expression indicates silencing of galectin‐12 by promoter methylation in colorectal cancer

Analyzing epigenetic control of galectin expression indicates silencing of galectin‐12 by promoter methylation in colorectal cancer

Selection scan reveals three new loci related to high altitude adaptation in Native Andeans

The Association Between Lymph Node Metastasis and Molecular Markers in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

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