The Flow Phase of Wound Metabolism Is Characterized by Stimulated Protein Synthesis Rather Than Cell Proliferation

Zhang, Xiao Jun; Chinkes, David L.; Cox, Robert A.; Wolfe, Robert R.

doi:10.1016/j.jss.2006.03.003

Cited by 15 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The metabolic responses to trauma can be classified as 'ebb', 'turn', and 'flow' phases at both the whole body and local levels [18]. In a previous experiment we confirmed that there are different metabolic phases in an animal skin wound model [19]. In that experiment, the fractional synthetic rate (FSR) of wound protein on post-injury day 7 (20.5 6 8.4%/day) was much greater than those on days 1 and 3 (4.6-6.6%/day), suggesting that days 1 and 3 were in the ebb phase and day 7 was in the flow phase.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The protein precipitate was dried in an oven at 80 C; the original wet weight and dry weight were used to estimate % protein in the wound. The dry protein precipitate was hydrolyzed in 6 N HCl for measurement of L-[ring-13 H 6 ]Phe enrichment in protein-bound pool [19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rabbits were anesthetized with ketamine and xylazine [19][20][21][22]. An aseptic surgery was performed to create partial thickness skin donor site wounds on the back using an electric dermatome (Padgett Instruments Inc., Kanasas City, MO) set at 0.015 in., to place catheters in the left carotid artery and jugular vein through an incision on the neck, and a nasogastric feeding tube [21].…”

Section: Surgical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We chose day 5 after injury for the measurements of wound metabolism. This is because day 5 is proposed to be the transition phase of local wound metabolism from the ebb phase to flow phase [19], when the protein synthesis has not reached the maximal response and therefore could be responsive to insulin treatment. Furthermore, a recent experiment demonstrated that propranolol infusion stimulated wound protein rather than DNA synthesis on day 5 wound [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Beneficial Effects of Insulin on Cell Proliferation and Protein Metabolism in Skin Donor Site Wound

Zhang¹,

Meng²,

Chinkes³

et al. 2011

Journal of Surgical Research

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Surgical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Beneficial Effects of Insulin on Cell Proliferation and Protein Metabolism in Skin Donor Site Wound

Zhang¹,

Meng²,

Chinkes³

et al. 2011

Journal of Surgical Research

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“…The demands for precursor amino acids for the synthesis of these proteins are significant. For example, quantitative studies of wound healing suggest that a protein intake of 3 g protein · kg Ҁ1 · d Ҁ1 is required to provide the necessary precursors for the synthesis of proteins required for normal healing of a burn injury to 50% of the body (11). Coupled with the continued amino acid requirement of most tissues and accelerated requirements for tissues such as immune cells and liver, actual utilization of protein in severely burned individuals may exceed 4 g protein · kg Ҁ1 · d Ҁ1 .…”

Section: Muscle and The Acute Response To Critical Illnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

The underappreciated role of muscle in health and disease

Wolfe

2006

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

1,206

938

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Muscle plays a central role in whole-body protein metabolism by serving as the principal reservoir for amino acids to maintain protein synthesis in vital tissues and organs in the absence of amino acid absorption from the gut and by providing hepatic gluconeogenic precursors. Furthermore, altered muscle metabolism plays a key role in the genesis, and therefore the prevention, of many common pathologic conditions and chronic diseases. Nonetheless, the maintenance of adequate muscle mass, strength, and metabolic function has rarely, if ever, been targeted as a relevant endpoint of recommendations for dietary intake. It is therefore imperative that factors directly related to muscle mass, strength, and metabolic function be included in future studies designed to demonstrate optimal lifestyle behaviors throughout the life span, including physical activity and diet.Am J Clin Nutr 2006;84:475-82.

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Muscle strength and muscle mass as predictors of hospital length of stay in patients with moderate to severe COVID‐19: a prospective observational study

Gil

Filho

Shinjo

et al. 2021

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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Background Strength and muscle mass are predictors of relevant clinical outcomes in critically ill patients, but in hospitalized patients with COVID‐19, it remains to be determined. In this prospective observational study, we investigated whether muscle strength or muscle mass are predictive of hospital length of stay (LOS) in patients with moderate to severe COVID‐19 patients. Methods We evaluated prospectively 196 patients at hospital admission for muscle mass and strength. Ten patients did not test positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 during hospitalization and were excluded from the analyses. Results The sample comprised patients of both sexes (50% male) with a mean age (SD) of 59 (±15) years, body mass index of 29.5 (±6.9) kg/m2. The prevalence of current smoking patients was 24.7%, and more prevalent coexisting conditions were hypertension (67.7%), obesity (40.9%), and type 2 diabetes (36.0%). Mean (SD) LOS was 8.6 days (7.7); 17.0% of the patients required intensive care; 3.8% used invasive mechanical ventilation; and 6.6% died during the hospitalization period. The crude hazard ratio (HR) for LOS was greatest for handgrip strength comparing the strongest versus other patients (1.47 [95% CI: 1.07–2.03; P = 0.019]). Evidence of an association between increased handgrip strength and shorter hospital stay was also identified when handgrip strength was standardized according to the sex‐specific mean and standard deviation (1.23 [95% CI: 1.06–1.43; P = 0.007]). Mean LOS was shorter for the strongest patients (7.5 ± 6.1 days) versus others (9.2 ± 8.4 days). Evidence of associations were also present for vastus lateralis cross‐sectional area. The crude HR identified shorter hospital stay for patients with greater sex‐specific standardized values (1.20 [95% CI: 1.03–1.39; P = 0.016]). Evidence was also obtained associating longer hospital stays for patients with the lowest values for vastus lateralis cross‐sectional area (0.63 [95% CI: 0.46–0.88; P = 0.006). Mean LOS for the patients with the lowest muscle cross‐sectional area was longer (10.8 ± 8.8 days) versus others (7.7 ± 7.2 days). The magnitude of associations for handgrip strength and vastus lateralis cross‐sectional area remained consistent and statistically significant after adjusting for other covariates. Conclusions Muscle strength and mass assessed upon hospital admission are predictors of LOS in patients with moderate to severe COVID‐19, which stresses the value of muscle health in prognosis of this disease.

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The Flow Phase of Wound Metabolism Is Characterized by Stimulated Protein Synthesis Rather Than Cell Proliferation

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

Beneficial Effects of Insulin on Cell Proliferation and Protein Metabolism in Skin Donor Site Wound

Beneficial Effects of Insulin on Cell Proliferation and Protein Metabolism in Skin Donor Site Wound

The underappreciated role of muscle in health and disease

Muscle strength and muscle mass as predictors of hospital length of stay in patients with moderate to severe COVID‐19: a prospective observational study

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