THE GALÁPAGOS ISLANDS’ GENUS<i>NEORYCTES</i>ARROW (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE: DYNASTINAE)

Cook, Joyce; Howden, Henry F.

doi:10.4039/ent127177-2

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…2000). This is also the pattern in the flightless scarab genus Neoryctes (Cook et al . 1995) and in the lizard genera Tropidurus and Phyllodactylus (Wright 1983).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Colonization history, ecological shifts and diversification in the evolution of endemic Galápagos weevils

et al. 2008

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Mitochondrial DNA sequence data were obtained for eight species of flightless Galapaganus endemic weevils and one winged close relative in order to study their colonization history and modes of diversification in the Galápagos Archipelago. Contrary to most other insular radiations, the phylogeny estimates we recovered for Galapaganus do not follow the progression rule of island biogeography. The penalized likelihood age estimates of colonization of the archipelago exceed the age of the emerged islands and underscore the potential role of now sunken seamounts for the early evolution of Galapaganus. The phylogeny proposes one intra-island origin for Galapaganus endemics, but monophyly tests suggest a larger contribution of in-situ speciation on older islands. Generalist habitat preferences were reconstructed as ancestral while shifts to highland habitats were reconstructed as having evolved independently on different islands. Magnitudes and patterns of diversification rate were found to differ between older and younger islands. Our analyses reveal that the colonization sequence of islands and timing of colonization of Galapaganus could be linked with the geological and volcanic history of the islands in a rather complex scenario. Even though most islands appear to have been colonized soon after their emergence, there are notable deviations from the pattern of sequential colonization expected under the progression rule when considering only the extant emerged islands. Patterns of diversification rate variation on older and younger islands correspond to the volcanic activity or remnants of such activity, while the pattern of independent evolution of restricted habitat preferences in different islands suggests that habitat shifts could also have contributed to species diversity in Galapaganus.

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“…2000). This is also the pattern in the flightless scarab genus Neoryctes (Cook et al . 1995) and in the lizard genera Tropidurus and Phyllodactylus (Wright 1983).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Colonization history, ecological shifts and diversification in the evolution of endemic Galápagos weevils

et al. 2008

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“…Our estimate of Galapaganus phylogeny places the oldest weevil species on the oldest island, G. galapagoensis on San Cristóbal, as basal to the rest of the darwini group. This is also the pattern in the flightless scarab genus Neoryctes Arrow (Cook et al ., 1995) and in the lizard genera Tropidurus and Phyllodactylus (Wright, 1983). Neoryctes has not yet been subject to molecular study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This potential has begun to be exploited (Grant, 1994; Juan et al ., 1995; Wagner & Funk, 1995; Roderick & Gillespie, 1998). The three oceanic island archipelagos that have been subject to repeated studies of species’ radiations are the Canary Islands (Thorpe et al ., 1994; Juan et al ., 1995, 1996) the Galápagos Islands (Darwin, 1859; Grant, 1986; Carson, 1992; Lanteri, 1992; Cook et al ., 1995; Peck, 1996) and the Hawaiian Islands (DeSalle & Hunt, 1987; Gillespie et al ., 1994; Carson & Clague, 1995; DeSalle, 1995; Wagner & Funk, 1995; Roderick & Gillespie, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The origin of the flora and fauna endemic to the Galápagos Islands has been of interest since the publication of The Voyage of the Beagle (Darwin, 1845). Evidence of general affinities with coastal South America has accumulated since Darwin's first collections (Snodgrass, 1902; Wright, 1983; Grant, 1986; Lanteri, 1992; Lopez et al ., 1992; Peck, 1994, 1996; Cook et al ., 1995; Rassmann, 1997), and there has been recent progress on elucidating the relationships among the forms endemic to the various islands (Lopez et al ., 1992; Cook et al ., 1995; Finston & Peck, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are flightless Galapaganus weevils older than the Galápagos Islands they inhabit?

et al. 2000

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The 15 species in the weevil genus GalapaganusLanteri 1992 (Entiminae: Curculionidae: Coleoptera) are distributed on coastal Perú and Ecuador and include 10 flightless species endemic to the Galápagos islands. These beetles thus provide a promising system through which to investigate the patterns and processes of evolution on Darwin's archipelago. Sequences of the mtDNA locus encoding cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) were obtained from samples of seven species occurring in different ecological zones of the oldest south‐eastern islands: San Cristóbal, Española and Floreana, and the central island Santa Cruz. The single most parsimonious tree obtained shows two well‐supported clades that correspond to the species groups previously defined by morphological characters. Based on a mtDNA clock calibrated for arthropods, the initial speciation separating the oldest species, G. galapagoensis (Linell) on the oldest island, San Cristóbal, from the remaining species in the Galápagos occurred about 7.2 Ma. This estimate exceeds geological ages of the extant emerged islands, although it agrees well with molecular dating of endemic Galápagos iguanas, geckos and lizards. An apparent explanation for the disagreement between geological and molecular time‐frames is that about 7 Ma there were emerged islands which subsequently disappeared under ocean waters. This hypothesis has gained support from the recent findings of 11‐Myr‐old submarine seamounts (sunken islands), south‐east of the present location of the archipelago. Some species within the darwini group may have differentiated on the extant islands, 1–5 Ma.

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“…The flightless beetle genus Neoryctes includes four single island endemic species, each restricted to the moist highland zone of the island on which it occurs (Cook et al 1995). The microlepidopteran genus Galagete has a complex pattern of diversification.…”

Section: The Geographical Mode Of Speciationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colonization and diversification of Galápagos terrestrial fauna: a phylogenetic and biogeographical synthesis

Parent

Caccone

Petren

2008

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

189

182

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Remote oceanic islands have long been recognized as natural models for the study of evolutionary processes involved in diversification. Their remoteness provides opportunities for isolation and divergence of populations, which make islands remarkable settings for the study of diversification. Groups of islands may share a relatively similar geological history and comparable climate, but their inhabitants experience subtly different environments and have distinct evolutionary histories, offering the potential for comparative studies. A range of organisms have colonized the Galápagos Islands, and various lineages have radiated throughout the archipelago to form unique assemblages. This review pays particular attention to molecular phylogenetic studies of Galápagos terrestrial fauna. We find that most of the Galápagos terrestrial fauna have diversified in parallel to the geological formation of the islands. Lineages have occasionally diversified within islands, and the clearest cases occur in taxa with very low vagility and on large islands with diverse habitats. Ecology and habitat specialization appear to be critical in speciation both within and between islands. Although the number of phylogenetic studies is continuously increasing, studies of natural history, ecology, evolution and behaviour are essential to completely reveal how diversification proceeded on these islands.

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THE GALÁPAGOS ISLANDS’ GENUSNEORYCTESARROW (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE: DYNASTINAE)

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Colonization history, ecological shifts and diversification in the evolution of endemic Galápagos weevils

Colonization history, ecological shifts and diversification in the evolution of endemic Galápagos weevils

Are flightless Galapaganus weevils older than the Galápagos Islands they inhabit?

Colonization and diversification of Galápagos terrestrial fauna: a phylogenetic and biogeographical synthesis

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