The GHG contribution of the cascaded use of harvested wood products in comparison with the use of wood for energy—A case study on available forest resources in Canada

Sikkema, R.; Junginger, Martin; McFarlane, Paul N.; Faaij, André

doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2013.03.007

Cited by 58 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Se ha demostrado que el uso de los desperdicios forestales (ramas, copas de árboles, tocones) y agrícolas para la generación de energía proporciona menores cantidades de emisión que el uso de combustibles fósiles [18], [41]- [43] con una disminución de entre el 11% y el 15% [44].…”

Section: Importancia De Los Bosquesunclassified

Estimación de la Biomasa y Carbono almacenado en la cobertura arbórea de la región del Carare - Opón (Santander)

Parra

Gómez

2017

INGE CUC

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ResumenIntroducción− La causa principal del calentamiento global se debe al aumento de los gases de efecto invernadero que se han producido desde la revolución industrial. Se conoce que el dióxido de carbono (CO2) es el segundo gas que más aporta a esta problemática y que los bosques actúan como depósitos de carbono. De esta forma, los programas de reducción de emisiones por deforestación y degradación (REDD+) son un mecanismo de mitigación y adaptación al cambio climático; uno de sus propósitos es estimar la captura del carbono forestal.Objetivo− Estimar el contenido de biomasa aérea y de carbono almacenado en el ecosistema y, así mismo, en las diez especies con mayor índice de valor de importancia (IVI), conocer cuál es la especie con mayor reserva de carbono y conocer si existen diferencias significativas en las variables estructurales de las especies.Metodología− Las estimaciones de biomasa se realizaron mediante el método indirecto utilizando nueve ecuaciones alométricas que realizan esta estimación en función del diámetro a la altura del pecho (≥10 cm a 1.30 m) y la altura total. El carbono almacenado se calculó tomando el 50% de la biomasa estimada.Resultados− Para el ecosistema se estimaron 465,41 t/0.05 ha de biomasa aé-rea y 232,70 t/0.05 ha de carbono almacenado. La especie con el valor más alto de biomasa y carbono fue Anacardium excelsum.Conclusiones− Las diez especies con mayor IVI representan el 93,72% de la biomasa total del ecosistema; la más importante representa el 18,23% estando relacionado con las variables estructurales de la vegetación como el área basal y la altura total. Palabras clave− Calentamiento global; carbono forestal; ecuaciones alométri-cas; IVI; variables estructurales AbstractIntroduction− The main cause of global warming is the increase of greenhouse gases since the industrial revolution; taking into account that carbon dioxide (CO2) is the second bigger contributor to this problem; and that the forests act as reservoirs of carbon. The reduction of emissions by degradation programs (REDD +) are a mechanism of mitigation and adaptation to climate change, one of their objectives is to estimate the capture of forest carbon.Objective− This article aims to estimate the content of aerial biomass and stored carbon in the ecosystem, as well as in the ten species with the highest importance value index (IVI). This in order to know what is the species with the largest reserve of carbon and see whether there are differences in the structural variables of the species.Methodology− The biomass estimations were made using an indirect method with nine allometric equations that estimate according to the diameter at breast height (10 cm to 1.30 m) and the total height. The carbon stored is calculated by taking the 50% of the estimated biomass.Results− A value of 465.41 t/0.05 ha of aerial biomass and 232.70 t/0.05 ha of carbon stored were estimated for the ecosystem. The species with the highest value of biomass and carbon was Anacardium Excelsum.Conclusions− The ten species with the highest I...

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Section: Importancia De Los Bosquesunclassified

Estimación de la Biomasa y Carbono almacenado en la cobertura arbórea de la región del Carare - Opón (Santander)

Parra

Gómez

2017

INGE CUC

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“…Impact assessments Sikkema et al [34] analyzed the GHG contributions of cascade use vs. wood for energy. The additional effort that must be invested in terms of costs and CO 2 equivalents due to logistics that are required for cascading has been discussed by Taskhiri et al [80].…”

Section: Methodological and Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CU was often only mentioned secondarily, as in Gasol et al [31], Ariffin et al [32], or Böttcher et al [33]. In addition, some studies only mentioned the term cascading [34][35][36][37][38], but did not define what was understood when using the term.…”

Section: Cascading Utilization-a Literature Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cascading Utilization of Wood: a Matter of Circular Economy?

Mair

Stern

2017

Curr Forestry Rep

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Purpose of Review The aim of this study was to analyze the differences and similarities between the concepts circular economy (CE) and cascading utilization (CU) and the interactions between these concepts. The method chosen for this study was a qualitative content analysis, which was conducted on academic CU publications that appeared between 1990 and 2016. To identify connections between CU and CE, the findings of this study are compared to the results of a recent review on CE. Recent Findings From the perspective of the broader goals of CE and CU, both concepts promise to increase resource efficiency by supporting the multiple use of a resource. Research conducted on both concepts has included analyses of the environmental impacts of the CU or CE systems and descriptions of frameworks and tools used to develop cascade chains or measure the circularity of a given resource. Even though the concepts have many similarities, the research has mostly been conducted independently, and the number of connections between the two concepts is surprisingly low. Summary In general, the results of the analysis supported the hypothesis that CU and CE have many parallels and similarities. The CU concept addresses primarily resource management whereas CE provides a more holistic approach. Practically, the publications on CE include considerations of many kinds of resources, whereas publications on CU include a stronger focus on bio-based materials. Despite these differences, CU was shown to clearly fit into the CE concept in that it provides a specific focus on the utilization possibilities (e.g., reuse, recycling, and up-cycling) of a given resource. The term CU may be used whenever one or more of these measures are used.

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“…If applied by all wood producing and trading countries around the world, sustainable carbon stocks in managed forests can be sufficiently monitored via the national GHG reports. As a best practice example, the international methods of immediate GHG emissions from harvesting of forest biomass for energy and of delayed GHG emissions for HWP can be implemented on a country level [84]. Any other method of forest biomass harvesting (e.g.…”

Section: Conclusion and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the specific case of saw mills, the competition of energy wood with local markets needs attention [8,83]. The proper use of high quality logs (trees with a diameter dimension >15 cm) for construction, needs explicit safeguards; i.e., "cascading priorities" [35,84], similar to waste wood fibers. In this respect, the UK government expects that the higher market price for high quality saw-logs will prevent their use in power generation [32].…”

Section: Sustainable Sourcing: Eu's 2010 Communicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Legal Harvesting, Sustainable Sourcing and Cascaded Use of Wood for Bioenergy: Their Coverage through Existing Certification Frameworks for Sustainable Forest Management

Sikkema

Junginger

Dam

et al. 2014

Forests

Self Cite

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Abstract:The first objective of this paper was to provide an inventory of developments of certification schemes for sustainable biomass production, following recent EU legislation (both formalized and under development). One main pillar is the EU Timber Regulation for legal harvesting; a second one is the EU's 2010 recommendations for sustainable woody biomass sourcing for energy; the third one is the EU Waste Directive. The second objective was to benchmark the coverage of this (draft) legislation, when wood product certificates for sustainable forest management (SFM) are used as proof of the related legislative requirements. We studied North America, as it is a major biomass supplier to the EU-28. Together with existing forest legislation in the US and Canada, SFM certificates are actively used to cover the EU's (draft) legislation. However, North American forests are only partially certified with fibers coming from certified forests; these are referred to as forest

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The GHG contribution of the cascaded use of harvested wood products in comparison with the use of wood for energy—A case study on available forest resources in Canada

Cited by 58 publications

References 34 publications

Estimación de la Biomasa y Carbono almacenado en la cobertura arbórea de la región del Carare - Opón (Santander)

Estimación de la Biomasa y Carbono almacenado en la cobertura arbórea de la región del Carare - Opón (Santander)

Cascading Utilization of Wood: a Matter of Circular Economy?

Legal Harvesting, Sustainable Sourcing and Cascaded Use of Wood for Bioenergy: Their Coverage through Existing Certification Frameworks for Sustainable Forest Management

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