The Hepatoprotective Effect of Bupleurum kaoi, an Endemic Plant to Taiwan, against Dimethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatic Fibrosis in Rats

Genus Bupleurum: a review of its phytochemistry, pharmacology and modes of action

“…(+) PGE2 production [84,92] Saikosaponin B2 (+) PGE2 production [73,84,92] (-) Human coronavirus (HCoV) replication Saikogenin D (-) PGE2 production [95] B. fruticescens Butanol extract (-) Acute inflammation [96] Methanol extract (-) 5-LOX, COX-1 [97] Essential oil (-) Acute inflammation [17] Fruticesaponin B (-) Acute inflammation [96] B. fruticosum Petroleum ether extract (-) IL-1b, IL-6, TNF-a, PGE2 [98] Essential oil (-) Acute and chronic inflammation [18,99] Oxytocin antagonism Antifungal Saikosaponin fraction Hepatoprotective against DMN [100] Morinin L (-) IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-a, NF-kB [101] Buddlejasaponin IV Hepatoprotective against DMN [100] B. gibraltaricum Methanol extract (-) Acute inflammation [102] Essential oil (-) Acute and chronic inflammation [16,19] Oxytocin antagonism Antibacterial, antifungal Saikosaponin I (-) Acute inflammation [102] B. kaoi Saponin-rich fraction Hepatoprotective against CCL4 [103][104][105][106] (-) sGOT, sGPT, AST and ALT levels (+) IFN-g level Cytotoxic against A549 cell line Water extract (+) IFN-g and GSH levels [66,105] (-) Coxsackie B1 replication Polysaccharide-rich fraction (-) sGOT and sGPT levels [105] (+) IFN-g and GSH levels…”

“…In another hepatic injury model, the hepatoprotective effects of a water extract and both polysaccharide-and saponin-enriched fractions of B. kaoi were evaluated against dimethyl nitrosamine (DMN)-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. [105] Administration of the plant extracts markedly counteracted the harmful effects of DMN as indicated by reduction of sGOT, sGPT collagen content and elevation of the hepatic glutathione (GSH), albumin and interferon-g levels in the serum and liver homogenates. Another study using a tea preparation from the leaves of B. kaoi revealed a significant in-vitro scavenging activity against both DPPH and superoxide anion radicals with IC50 values of 0.36 and 4.35 mg/ml, respectively, in addition to the inhibition of lipid peroxidation and the subsequent malondialdehyde (MDA) formation.…”

Effect of Bupleuri Radix Extracts on the Toxicity of 5‐Fluorouracil in HepG2 Hepatoma Cells and Normal Human Lymphocytes

“…There is much evidence that Bupleuri Radix has a hepatoprotective effect against hepatotoxic agents. In addition to the chemopreventive effects, it is also believed to improve the antioxidant defence systems [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Alleviation of Dimethylnitrosamine-Induced Liver Injury and Fibrosis by Supplementation of Anabasis articulata Extract in Rats

“…Control animals also received an equal volume of saline without DMN [24]. Anabasis articulata extract and silymarin were orally administered by gavages in similar doses for both protective and therapeutic groups (100 mg/kg body weight in 1 ml aqueous Tween 80 solution for each dose) [20,26], daily for 4 weeks.…”

“…Previous phytochemical screening of A. articulata aerial part revealed the presence of saponin as a main component in addition to coumarins, flavonoids, alkaloids and others [21,22]. It has been previously reported that, saponins of A. articulata possess antdiabetic activity [20,23,24]. In general, saponins are reported to have antifibrotic activity [25].…”