The Human Symbolic Revolution: A Darwinian Account

Knight, Chris; Power, Camilla; Watts, Ian

doi:10.1017/s0959774300001190

Cited by 180 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 132 publications

(126 reference statements)

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“…For instance, the color red is associated with love, sex, passion, and fertility across diverse cultures, dating back at least 10,000 years. (Hutchings, 2004;Knight, Power, & Watts, 1995;Ragas & Kozlowski, 1998). However, these red-romance links are primarily femalespecific.…”

Section: Facial Redness Increases Men's Perceived Healthiness and Attmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial Redness Increases Men’s Perceived Healthiness and Attractiveness

et al. 2016

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Past research has shown that peripheral and facial redness influences perceptions of attractiveness for men viewing women. The current research investigated whether a parallel effect is present when women rate men with varying facial redness. In four experiments, women judged the attractiveness of men's faces, which were presented with varying degrees of redness.We also examined perceived healthiness and other candidate variables as mediators of the redattractiveness effect. The results show that facial redness positively influences ratings of men's attractiveness. Additionally, perceived healthiness was documented as a mediator of this effect, independent of other potential mediator variables. The current research emphasizes facial coloration as an important feature of social judgments.

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Section: Facial Redness Increases Men's Perceived Healthiness and Attmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial Redness Increases Men’s Perceived Healthiness and Attractiveness

et al. 2016

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“…A recent return to evolutionary thinking within anthropology has assessed the evolutionary costs and benefits of various types of middle-late Pleistocene human coalitions, some of which may have encouraged the levels of solidarity now thought essential for first establishing the symbolic domain (Boehm 2001;Dunbar et al 1999). One result is the prediction that matrilineal coalitions in particular would have accrued substantial evolutionary benefits by phase-locking their economic and ritual routines to the rhythms of the moon (Knight 1991;Knight et al 1995;Power 1999;Power & Aiello 1997). More specifically, this 'sex-strike' model predicts that the seclusion of sisters and mothers would have been optimally timed to coincide with dark moon, would have marked the time of maximum ritual potency and sacred observance, and would have triggered monthly collective big game hunts as bride-service.…”

Section: Anthropological Models Of the Palaeolithicmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ‘Solarization’ of the Moon: Manipulated Knowledge at Stonehenge

Sims

2006

CAJ

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“…They might try to hide the menstruant's condition so that males would not know. But since the signal has potential economic value of attracting male attention, rather than hide it, females are predicted to do the opposite-flaunt it (Knight et al 1995;Power 1999Power , 2009. Whenever a coalition member menstruated, the whole coalition joined in advertising and amplifying the signal to attract outsider males and their labor to the coalition.…”

Section: Menstruation Gives Away Vital Information To Malesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An earlier version of these predictions was published over fifteen years ago (Knight et al 1995;Power and Watts 1996). The spate of subsequent publications illuminating the African Middle Stone Age (MSA) and Near Eastern pigment record (Barham 2002;Dayet et al 2013;d'Errico et al 2010;Henshilwood et al 2001Henshilwood et al , 2002Henshilwood et al , 2009Hodgskiss 2012;Hovers et al 2003;Marean et al 2007;McBrearty and Brooks 2000: 528;Salomon et al 2012;van Peer et al 2004;Watts 1999Watts , 2002Watts , 2009Watts , 2010 have largely borne them out.…”

Section: The Female Cosmetic Coalitions Model: Current Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

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2013

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Reproductive synchrony or desynchrony of primate females influences number and fitness of males in mating systems. Langur monkey populations provide a natural experiment for observing alternative female strategies of confusing or concentrating paternity. Where females escape seasonal reproductive constraints, they desynchronize fertility and show visible cues (menstruation), enabling single males to monopolize matings. This increases female fitness by reducing food competition. Where langurs are seasonally constrained, females conceal fertility, confusing paternity and reducing infanticide. These case studies illuminate how hominin females could increase male numbers and investment. Fitness payoffs to male investors will be affected by degree of reproductive seasonal constraint, and by females either concealing or confusing menstrual cues of imminent fertility. Among ancestors of modern humans and Neanderthals these strategies diverged. Under pressure of encephalization, modern human female ancestors, less seasonally constrained, pursued a strategy of cosmeticization of menstrual signals. This Female Cosmetic Coalitions model accounts for the African Middle Stone Age record of pigment use. Among Neanderthals, strategies alternated. Severe seasonality during glacial cycles tied Neanderthal males into pair-bonds, suppressing cosmetic signaling. Only during interglacials when seasonality relaxed would Neanderthal females require blood-red cosmetics. Our Seasonality Thermostat model explains why European ochre use correlates with climate through the Middle to Late Pleistocene. INTRODUCTION There is a growing consensus that evolving Homo mothers relied on cooperative breeding to raise larger-bodied, larger-brained offspring (e.g., Aiello and Key 2002;Barrickman et al. 2008;Burkart et al. 2009;Robson and Wood 2008;Shultz et al. 2012;van Schaik et al. 2006 Models for cultural levels of human cooperation (Boyd and Richerson 1992, 2005Gintis et al. 2003;Henrich and Boyd 2001;Henrich et al. 2003Henrich et al. , 2006Nowak and Sigmund 2005;Richerson et al. 2003), invoke multilevel and group selection processes, but ignore what is most difficult to explain-how to secure cooperation between the sexes, given the trade-off between investing in current offspring versus future mating opportunities (cf. Bowles 2006). One game theory model (Key 1998(Key , 2000 incorporated the differences of reproductive energetic costs to specify conditions for the evolution of cooperation that can be practically applied to the fossil record. Yet even these conditions do not identify how females induced males to subsidize their reproduction (Kaplan et al. 2000;Marlowe 2001). Recent models (Gavrilets 2012) highlight the difficulty of shifting from systems of significant male mating competition into productive male investment, where males face a social dilemma of ceding fitness advantage to free-riding rivals.If we can define the mechanisms available to Homo females giving them leverage against male defection through the Early to Middle Plei...

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The Human Symbolic Revolution: A Darwinian Account

Cited by 180 publications

References 132 publications

Facial Redness Increases Men’s Perceived Healthiness and Attractiveness

Facial Redness Increases Men’s Perceived Healthiness and Attractiveness

The ‘Solarization’ of the Moon: Manipulated Knowledge at Stonehenge

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