The Identification of Neutral Ruthenium(III) Chloride Complexes: Equilibria Involving Neutral and Cationic Species

Connick, Robert E.; Fine, Dwight A.

doi:10.1021/ja01477a014

Cited by 45 publications

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“…where y n is activity coefficients of [RuCl n (H 2 O) 6−n ] 3−n , and y Cl is the mean activity coefficient of HCl determined previously [14]. The y n is defined on basis of the modified Debye-Hückel model which was proposed by Partanen et al as follows [15,16]:…”

Section: Measurement Of Uv-vis Absorption Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, reliable knowledge is rather limited because of the long time required for equilibration of the aquation/chloridation of Ru ions and the variety of Ru chloride complexes [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. The properties of Ru species in HCl were precisely summarized in the thesis of Viljoen [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The properties of Ru species in HCl were precisely summarized in the thesis of Viljoen [9]. Connick and Fine [6] have reported that the equilibration times for Ru(III) in 0.05 and 0.1 M HCl solutions are 64 and 74 days, respectively. The Ru(III) in the 0.05-0.1 M HCl forms [RuCl n (H 2 O) 6−n ] 3−n (n = 1-4) [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Connick and Fine [6] have reported that the equilibration times for Ru(III) in 0.05 and 0.1 M HCl solutions are 64 and 74 days, respectively. The Ru(III) in the 0.05-0.1 M HCl forms [RuCl n (H 2 O) 6−n ] 3−n (n = 1-4) [7]. In contrast, Ru(III) in 10 M HCl exists primarily as [RuCl 6 ] 3− [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although stability constants and absorbtivities (ε, M −1 cm −1 ) of [RuCl n (H 2 O) 6−n ] 3−n (n = 1-6) have been estimated through polarographic and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) measurements of Ru species separated by ion-exchange resins [9], the constants are scattered. Viljoen [9] has recently verified the K value for [RuCl 6 ] 3− /[RuCl 5 (H 2 O)] 2− , but no effort has been made to determine the K values for [RuCl n (H 2 O) 6−n ] 3−n /[RuCl n−1 (H 2 O) 5−n ] with lower n and to obtain structural parameters for the complexes in aqueous HCl solutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Speciation of Ruthenium(III) Chloro Complexes in Hydrochloric Acid Solutions and Their Extraction Characteristics with an Amide-Containing Amine Compound

Suzuki

Ogata

Tanaka

et al. 2018

Metals

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Abstract:The refining of platinum group metals is based mainly on solvent extraction methods, whereas Ru is selectively recovered by distillation as RuO 4 . Replacement of distillation by extraction is expected to simplify the purification process. To develop an effective extraction system for Ru, we analyzed the Ru species in HCl with ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and Ru K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopies, and we examined the properties of Ru extracted with N-2-ethylhexyl-bis(N-di-2-ethylhexyl-ethylamide) amine (EHBAA) and trioctylamine (TOA). EXAFS and UV-Vis spectra of Ru in HCl solutions revealed that the predominant Ru species in 0.5-10 M HCl solutions changed from [RuCl 4 (H 2 O) 2 ] − to [RuCl 6 ] 3− with the HCl concentration. The extraction percentages (E%) of Ru in the EHBAA system increased with increasing HCl concentration, reached 80% at [HCl] = 5 M, and decreased at higher HCl concentrations; the corresponding E% for TOA were low. EXAFS analysis of the extracted complex indicated that the Ru 3+ had 5 Cl − and 1 H 2 O in its inner coordination sphere. The similarity of the dependence on HCl concentrations of the E% in the EHBAA system and the distribution profile of [RuCl 5 (H 2 O)] 2− on [RuCl n (H 2 O) 6−n ] 3−n suggested that the EHBAA extracted the pentachlorido species.

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Section: Measurement Of Uv-vis Absorption Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Speciation of Ruthenium(III) Chloro Complexes in Hydrochloric Acid Solutions and Their Extraction Characteristics with an Amide-Containing Amine Compound

Suzuki

Ogata

Tanaka

et al. 2018

Metals

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Study of interactive free-energy relationships on ruthenium(III) catalyzed oxidation of phenyl styryl ketone and its substituted analogues by V(V) in acid medium

Annapoorna

Rao

Sethuram

2000

Int. J. Chem. Kinet.

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Precious Metal Separations

Narita

Kasuya

Suzuki

et al. 2020

Encyclopedia of Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry

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Separation of precious metals (PMs) is becoming increasingly important because of their growing application in industrial products, such as electronics and catalysts. Most PM separation and purification processes are performed using acidic chloride solutions; therefore, a thorough understanding of the chemical properties and separation mechanisms of PM chloridometalates in solution is of key importance for improving these processes. This article focuses on the solvent extraction of PM ions from acidic chloride solutions as the main technology for the mutual separation of PMs. In addition, leaching methods, dominant species in acidic chloride solutions, and non‐solvent‐extraction separation methods are discussed.

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The Identification of Neutral Ruthenium(III) Chloride Complexes: Equilibria Involving Neutral and Cationic Species

Cited by 45 publications

References 0 publications

Speciation of Ruthenium(III) Chloro Complexes in Hydrochloric Acid Solutions and Their Extraction Characteristics with an Amide-Containing Amine Compound

Speciation of Ruthenium(III) Chloro Complexes in Hydrochloric Acid Solutions and Their Extraction Characteristics with an Amide-Containing Amine Compound

Study of interactive free-energy relationships on ruthenium(III) catalyzed oxidation of phenyl styryl ketone and its substituted analogues by V(V) in acid medium

Precious Metal Separations

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