The Ignition Frequency of Structural Fires in Australia from 2012 to 2019

Tan, Samson; Moinuddin, Khalid; Joseph, Paul

doi:10.3390/fire6010035

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Another general observation was the occurrence of fire events in the afternoon, from 1500-2000, when people are at home. Samson et al [17] considered the ignition frequency of structural fires in Australia for different class structures, as in the previously mentioned study. The authors suggested a new coefficient for the generalised Barrois model based on statistics from Australia.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cold Climate Wooden Home and Conflagration Danger Index: Justification and Practicability for Norwegian Conditions

Strand,

Log

2023

Fire

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The vast majority of fire-related deaths occur in residential buildings. Until recently, the fire risk for these buildings was only considered through static risk assessments or period-based assessments applying to certain periods of the year, e.g., Christmas holidays. However, for homes with indoor wooden panelling, especially in the ceiling, a dynamic fire danger indicator can be predicted for cold climate regions. Recognising the effect of fuel moisture content (FMC) of indoor wooden panelling on the enclosure fire development allows for the prediction of a wooden home fire danger indicator. In the present study, dry wood fire dynamics are analysed and experimental observations are reported to support in-home wooden panel FMC as a suitable wooden home fire danger indicator. Then, from previous work, the main equation for modelling in-home FMC is considered and a generic enclosure for FMC modelling is justified based on literature data and supported through a sensitivity study for Norwegian wooden homes. Further, ten years of weather data for three selected locations in Norway, i.e., a coastal town, an inland fjord town and a mountain town, were analysed using a three-dimensional risk matrix to assess the usability of the fire risk modelling results. Finally, a cold climate wooden home fire danger index was introduced to demonstrate how the risk concept can be communicated in an intuitive way using similar gradings as the existing national forest fire index. Based on the generic enclosure, the findings support FMC as a fire risk indicator for homes with interior wooden panelling (walls and ceiling). Large differences in the number of days with arid in-home conditions were identified for the selected towns. The number of days with combined strong wind and dry wooden homes appears to depend more on the number of days with strong wind than days of in-home drought. Thus, the coastal town was more susceptible to conflagrations than the drier inland towns. This aligns well with the most significant fire disasters in Norway since 1900. In addition, it was demonstrated that the number of high-risk periods is manageable and can be addressed by local fire departments through proactive measures. In turn, the fire risk modelling and associated index respond well to the recent changes in Norwegian regulations, requiring the fire departments to have systems for detecting increased risk levels. Testing the modelling for a severe winter fire in the USA indicates that the presented approach may be of value elsewhere as well.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cold Climate Wooden Home and Conflagration Danger Index: Justification and Practicability for Norwegian Conditions

Strand,

Log

2023

Fire

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“…Tan et al 13 applied a similar approach of probabilistic fire risk quantification, namely, the generalized Barrois Model, which is an addition of two power law functions, estimated the ignition frequency of a building given the floor area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A probabilistic analysis of non-military hangar fire protection systems

Wade,

Lohar,

Lippert

et al. 2024

Journal of Fire Sciences

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The United States Air Force (USAF) dictates policy for foam fire suppression systems in their hangars. In November 2021, the USAF issued a Sundown Policy for Foam Fire Suppression Systems. The National Fire Protection Association’s Standard on Aircraft Hangars, NFPA 409 serves a similar function. This article uses a real-world installation and analysis of the hangar fire protection scheme stipulated in the USAF Sundown Policy as compared to an installation in compliance with NFPA 409. Applying the Poisson process for a zero-inflated probability distribution, the data referenced for the event tree were evaluated and thereafter validated. The analysis shows that the installation of hangar fire protection stipulated in the USAF Sundown Policy achieves a better performance for the fire protection system than an installation in compliance with NFPA 409, insofar as the risk analysis is concerned. Second, the installation of a fire protection system that complies with the requirements of NFPA 409 fails to achieve the basic probabilistic performance promulgated by the International Code Council’s Performance Code (ICCPC). The validation also demonstrated that the scenario involving the accidental discharge of fire foam was significantly more likely to occur compared to that involving only fire occurrences.

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“…In "The Ignition Frequency of Structural Fires in Australia from 2012 to 2019", Tan et al [9] analyse Australian fire statistical data to assess the ignition frequency of structural fires from 2012 to 2019. Their main objective was to refine the generalised Barrois model to better fit Australian building characteristics.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%