The immune system and hypertension.

Dzielak, David J.

doi:10.1161/01.hyp.19.1_suppl.i36

Cited by 78 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…5,6 Some reports 3,4,7 have shown a significant association between inflammatory markers and elevated BP, consistent with our findings. Kim et al 8 reported that TNF-a level correlated with the BP index and IL-6 level correlated with the BP variability index, implying that inflammation may be a mediator for the link between BP variability and target organ damage.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Correlation of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6 with hypertensive renal damage

Yang

2010

Renal Failure

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Background: Many efforts have been made to investigate the role played by cytokines in the development of hypertension. But few reports exist on the association between cytokines and hypertensive renal damage. This study was to observe the changes of the serum levels of cytokines, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in patients with hypertensive renal damage, whereby to study the correlation of TNF-a and IL-6 with the hypertensive renal damage. Methods: According to their urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER), 102 patients with essential hypertension were divided into three groups: normoalbuminuria hypertensive group (n = 37), microalbuminuria hypertensive group (n = 36), and proteinuric hypertensive group (n = 29). Serum TNF-a and IL-6 of all subjects were measured with radioimmune assay. Thirty age-and gendermatched normotensive persons were selected as normotensive control group. Results: Serum levels of TNF-a and IL-6 were significantly higher in patients with essential hypertension than those in normotensive control group (p < 0.5). Serum levels of TNF-a and IL-6 increased in proportion to UAER. The statistical significance was present among groups (p < 0.05). Both TNF-a and IL-6 were found to have a positive correlation with UAER (r = 0.79, p < 0.01; r = 0.75, p < 0.01), but not with the levels of blood pressure (BP). Conclusions: TNF-a and IL-6 are remarkably increased in hypertensive patients and may play an important role in the pathogenesis and the development of hypertensive renal damage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Correlation of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6 with hypertensive renal damage

Yang

2010

Renal Failure

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“…The immune imbalance status correction in SHR delayed the development of hypertension (31) and therefore the immunological dysfunction is one of the etiological agent of hypertension (32). An alteration in the serum immunoglobulin levels was detected in both animals and patients, demonstrating an inflammatory involvement in hypertension (33). Furthermore, in hypertensive subjects, an increased interaction between inflammatory cells and endothelial cells (34) was demonstrated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Effect of treatment with the antioxidant alpha-lipoic (thioctic) acid on heart and kidney microvasculature in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Tayebati

Tomassoni

Mannelli

et al. 2015

Clinical and Experimental Hypertension

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Endothelial cells represent an important vascular site of signaling and development of damage during ischemia, inflammation and other pathological conditions. Excessive reactive oxygen species production causes pathological activation of endothelium including exposure of cell to adhesion molecules. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) are members of the immunoglobulin super-family which are present on the surface of endothelial cells. These molecules represent important markers of endothelial inflammation. The present study was designed to investigate, with immunochemical and immunohistochemical techniques, the effect of treatment with (+/À)-alpha lipoic (thioctic) acid and its enantiomers on heart and kidney endothelium in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Arterial hypertension is accompanied by an increased oxidative stress status in the heart characterized by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and nucleic acid oxidation increase. The higher oxidative stress also modifies adhesion molecules expression. In the heart VCAM-1, which was higher than ICAM-1 and PECAM-1, was increased in SHR. ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and PECAM-1 expression was significantly greater in the renal endothelium of SHR. (+/À)-Alpha lipoic acid and (+)-alpha lipoic acid treatment significantly decreased TBARS levels, the nucleic acid oxidation and prevented adhesion molecules expression in cardiac and renal vascular endothelium. These data suggest that endothelial molecules may be used for studying the mechanisms of vascular injury on target organs of hypertension. The effects observed after treatment with (+)-alpha lipoic acid could open new perspectives for countering heart and kidney microvascular injury which represent a common feature in hypertensive end-organs damage.

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“…The immune system, especially autoantibodies with agonistlike activity, plays important roles in the hypertension (1,2). Autoantibodies against the α 1 -adrenoceptor with agonist-like activity had been found in patients with malignant hypertension, primary hypertension and refractory hypertension (3)(4)(5)(6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular Damages in Rats Immunized by α1-Adrenoceptor Peptides

et al. 2008

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Autoantibodies against the α 1 -adrenoceptor which had agonist activity as norepinephrine might play roles in the progression of hypertension, but whether the autoantibodies could induce vascular remodeling as norepinephrine is not clear. In this paper, the models with antibodies against the α 1 -adrenoceptor were made by immunizing Wistar rats with the synthesized the second extracellular loop of α 1 -adrenoceptor peptides. The homo-age male Wistar rats received BSA in the same immunizing manner and male spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) were used as control. All the rats were raised for one year. The blood pressure and morphological changes of arteries were measured. In the end, despite the systolic blood pressure of immunized rats had no difference with normal control, the media thickness of aortas and ratio of media to lumen in the third-order arteries of mesenteric vasculature were increased in immunized rats. The observation with electron microscope showed that the mitochondria of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) had notable hyperplasia, and the interstitial collagen fibril was increased too. The effects of purified antibodies against α 1 -adrenoceptor on the proliferation of cultured VSMCs, and the expressions of c-jun, c-fos and α 1 -adrenoceptor were detected. The results showed that the antibodies could promote the proliferation of cultured VSMCs, and enhance the expression of c-jun both in vitro and in vivo. So we concluded that antibodies against the α 1 -adrenoceptor could contribute to vascular damages in rats by stimulating the growth of VSMCs which might be caused by the increased c-jun expression, and might play particular roles in the pathological changes of hypertension.

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The immune system and hypertension.

Cited by 78 publications

References 0 publications

Correlation of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6 with hypertensive renal damage

Correlation of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6 with hypertensive renal damage

Effect of treatment with the antioxidant alpha-lipoic (thioctic) acid on heart and kidney microvasculature in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Vascular Damages in Rats Immunized by α1-Adrenoceptor Peptides

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