The immunohistochemical localization of choline acetyltransferase in the cat brain

Vincent, Steven R.; Reiner, Peter B.

doi:10.1016/0361-9230(87)90015-3

Cited by 182 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 88 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

141

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…3B, 4A,B), with coeruleus rather than ceruleus being the recommended spelling due to its more common usage. It should be noted that for both birds and mammals the A6 cell group does not correspond exclusively to the cytoarchitectonically defined locus coeruleus, because the noradrenergic neurons of A6 extend somewhat ventral and rostral to the LoC (Dahlström and Fuxe, 1964; Hokfelt et al, 1984;von Bartheld and Bothwell, 1992; Reinger et al, 1994), and nearby fields of cholinergic and serotonergic neurons overlap somewhat with the LoC (Steinbusch, 1981;Mesulam et al, 1984;Steinbusch, 1984;Yamada et al, 1984;Vincent and Reiner, 1987; Coozi et al, 1991;Woolf, 1991;von Bartheld and Bothwell, 1992;Medina and Reiner, 1994). Nonetheless, the A6 largely coincides with the LoC, and noradrenergic neurons represent the predominant population in the LoC.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Revised nomenclature for avian telencephalon and some related brainstem nuclei

Reiner

Perkel

Bruce

et al. 2004

J of Comparative Neurology

1,074

1,170

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The standard nomenclature that has been used for many telencephalic and related brainstem structures in birds is based on flawed assumptions of homology to mammals. In particular, the outdated terminology implies that most of the avian telencephalon is a hypertrophied basal ganglia, when it is now clear that most of the avian telencephalon is neurochemically, hodologically, and functionally comparable to the mammalian neocortex, claustrum, and pallial amygdala (all of which derive from the pallial sector of the developing telencephalon). Recognizing that this promotes misunderstanding of the functional organization of avian brains and their evolutionary relationship to mammalian brains, avian brain specialists began discussions to rectify this problem, culminating in the Avian Brain Nomenclature Forum held at Duke University in July 2002, which approved a new terminology for avian telencephalon and some allied brainstem cell groups. Details of this new terminology are presented here, as is a rationale for each name change and evidence for any homologies implied by the new names.Revisions for the brainstem focused on vocal control, catecholaminergic, cholinergic, and basal ganglia-related nuclei. For example, the Forum recognized that the hypoglossal nucleus had been incorrectly identified as the nucleus intermedius in the Karten and Hodos (1967) pigeon brain atlas, and what was identified as the hypoglossal nucleus in that atlas should instead be called the supraspinal nucleus. The locus ceruleus of this and other avian atlases was noted to consist of a caudal noradrenergic part homologous to the mammalian locus coeruleus and a rostral region corresponding to the mammalian A8 dopaminergic cell group. The midbrain dopaminergic cell group in birds known as the nucleus tegmenti pedunculopontinus pars compacta was recognized as homologous to the mammalian substantia nigra pars compacta and was renamed accordingly; a group of ␥-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons at the lateral edge of this region was identified as homologous to the mammalian substantia nigra pars reticulata and was also renamed accordingly. A field of cholinergic neurons in the rostral avian hindbrain was named the nucleus pedunculopontinus tegmenti, whereas the anterior nucleus of the ansa lenticularis in the avian diencephalon was renamed the subthalamic nucleus, both for their evident mammalian homologues.For the basal (i.e., subpallial) telencephalon, the actual parts of the basal ganglia were given names reflecting their now evident homologues. For example, the lobus parolfactorius and paleostriatum augmentatum were acknowledged to make up the dorsal subdivision of the striatal part of the basal ganglia and were renamed as the medial and lateral striatum. The paleostriatum primitivum was recognized as homologous to the mammalian globus pallidus and renamed as such. Additionally, the rostroventral part of what was called the lobus parolfactorius was acknowledged as comparable to the mammalian nucleus accumbens, which, together with the...

show abstract

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Revised nomenclature for avian telencephalon and some related brainstem nuclei

Reiner

Perkel

Bruce

et al. 2004

J of Comparative Neurology

1,074

1,170

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A first type is constituted by aspiny, cholinergic neurons which are present in amniotes and at least in some amphibians (Vincent & Reiner, 1987 ;Hoogland & Vermeulen-VanderZee, 1990 ;Woolf, 1991 ;Medina et al 1993 ;Marı! n et al 1997 c).…”

Section: Striatal Projection Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the basal ganglia: new perspectives through a comparative approach

2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The basal ganglia (BG) have received much attention during the last 3 decades mainly because of their clinical relevance. Our understanding of their structure, organisation and function in terms of chemoarchitecture, compartmentalisation, connections and receptor localisation has increased equally. Most of the research has been focused on the mammalian BG, but a considerable number of studies have been carried out in nonmammalian vertebrates, in particular reptiles and birds. The BG of the latter 2 classes of vertebrates, which together with mammals constitute the amniotic vertebrates, have been thoroughly studied by means of tract-tracing and immunohistochemical techniques. The terminology used for amniotic BG structures has frequently been adopted to indicate putative corresponding structures in the brain of anamniotes, i.e. amphibians and fishes, but data for such a comparison were, until recently, almost totally lacking. It has been proposed several times that the occurrence of well developed BG structures probably constitutes a landmark in the anamniote-amniote transition. However, our recent studies of connections, chemoarchitecture and development of the basal forebrain of amphibians have revealed that tetrapod vertebrates share a common pattern of BG organisation. This pattern includes the existence of dorsal and ventral striatopallidal systems, reciprocal connections between the striatopallidal complex and the diencephalic and mesencephalic basal plate (striatonigral and nigrostriatal projections), and descending pathways from the striatopallidal system to the midbrain tectum and reticular formation. The connectional similarities are paralleled by similarities in the distribution of chemical markers of striatal and pallidal structures such as dopamine, substance P and enkephalin, as well as by similarities in development and expression of homeobox genes. On the other hand, a major evolutionary trend is the progressive involvement of the cortex in the processing of the thalamic sensory information relayed to the BG of tetrapods. By using the comparative approach, new insights have been gained with respect to certain features of the BG of vertebrates in general, such as the segmental organisation of the midbrain dopaminergic cell groups, the occurrence of large numbers of dopaminergic cell bodies within the telencephalon itself and the variability in, among others, connectivity and chemoarchitecture. However, the intriguing question whether the basal forebrain organisation of nontetrapods differs essentially from that observed in tetrapods still needs to be answered.

show abstract

“…Immunocytochemical analyses revealed details concerning the morphology and topography of motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord of the rat Houser et al, 1983;Satoh et al, 1983;Barber et al, 1984;Tatehata et al, 1987;Oh et al, 1992;Borges and Iversen, 2006), cat (Kimura et al, 1981;Jones and Beaudet, 1987;Vincent and Reiner, 1987), monkey (Satoh and Fibiger, 1985) and humans (Mizukawa et al, 1986). Furthermore, the use of the antibody to ChAT allowed to acquire data regarding all ChAT-positive elements located in the cholinergic nuclei, especially bouton-like structures, which are known to be the synaptic terminals of the cholinergic system.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Organization of acetylcholine containing structures in the cranial motor nuclei of the rhombencephalon of the pig

Załęcki¹,

Całka²,

Łakomy³

2007

Vet. Med. - Czech

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:We explored the immunoreactivity of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in the cranial nerve motor nuclei of the porcine rhombencephalon to reveal the cholinergic nature of these regions. In our experiments we used an immunohistochemical method for the visualization of all acetylcholine-containing structures. All studied motor nuclei contained ChAT-positive cell bodies and fibres, but the intensity of staining differed between the nuclei. Furthermore, characteristic ChAT-immunoreactive bouton-like structures, which are known to be synaptic terminals of the cholinergic system, were observed in the borders of all studied regions. The localization of ChAT-positive "boutons" in the neuropil of the examined nuclei and their proximity to stained perikarya allowed us to differentiate two groups of motor nuclei in the rhombencephalon of the pig: (a) Nuclei containing ChAT-positive bouton-like structures dispersed in the neuropil, often establishing contacts with the stained cell bodies -motor trigeminal, abducent, facial, ambiguous and hypoglossal nuclei. (b) Nuclei in which characteristic boutons were dispersed among the ChAT-positive cells, but were devoid of any contact with perikarya -dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve. These results provide new data on the porcine central nervous system and could be useful in further experiments on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) -the disease that results in the progressive degeneration of motoneurons in the brain and spinal cord.

show abstract

The immunohistochemical localization of choline acetyltransferase in the cat brain

Cited by 182 publications

References 88 publications

Revised nomenclature for avian telencephalon and some related brainstem nuclei

Revised nomenclature for avian telencephalon and some related brainstem nuclei

Evolution of the basal ganglia: new perspectives through a comparative approach

Organization of acetylcholine containing structures in the cranial motor nuclei of the rhombencephalon of the pig

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About