“…International academic exchange programs now reflect and encompass the knowledge of diverse societies and cultures (Muchtar, Amri, Mustafa, & Bakar, 2012). Academics can develop professional, social, and cultural competencies and improve the internationalization process in higher-education through international academic exchange programs (Muchtar et al, 2012). Research skills and the latest information, knowledge, and technology are transferred and diffused to multiple academics and industries via professional associations, meetings, conferences, and seminars (Crespi, D'Este, Fontana, & Geuna, 2011).…”