The Impact of Large-scale Social Restriction on COVID-19 Incidence: A Case Study of Four Regions in Indonesia

Suraya, Izza; Nurmansyah, Mochamad Iqbal; Rachmawati, Emma; Aufa, Badra Al; Koire, Ibrahim Isa

doi:10.21109/kesmas.v15i2.3990

Cited by 33 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Yes [133] Yes [76] Yes [23] Yes [77] Yes [21] Yes [117] Yes [55] Health checks and temperature scanning…”

Section: Strict Standard Of Procedures In Public Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yes [118] Yes [134] Yes [23] Yes [77] Yes [21,31] Yes [54] Yes [68] Mass sterilization Yes Yes [129] Yes Yes [135] Yes Yes [54] Yes Source: [21,23,31,[53][54][55]68,76,77,117,118,[128][129][130][131][132][133][134][135] Japan was assigned PP although there is implementation of SOP in public areas. This is due to the fact that these SOPs are recommended rather than enforced [53].…”

Section: Strict Standard Of Procedures In Public Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors Influencing Asia-Pacific Countries’ Success Level in Curbing COVID-19: A Review Using a Social–Ecological System (SES) Framework

Ling

Suhud

Leng

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Little attention has been paid to the impacts of institutional–human–environment dimensions on the outcome of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) abatement. Through the diagnostic social–ecological system (SES) framework, this review paper aimed to investigate what and how the multifaceted social, physical, and governance factors affected the success level of seven selected Asia-Pacific countries (namely, South Korea, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam, Indonesia, and New Zealand) in combatting COVID-19. Drawing on statistical data from the Our World In Data website, we measured the COVID-19 severity or abatement success level of the countries on the basis of cumulative positive cases, average daily cases, and mortality rates for the period of 1 February 2020 to 30 June 2020. A qualitative content analysis using three codes, i.e., present (P), partially present (PP), and absent (A) for each SES attribute, as well as score calculation and rank ordering for government response effectiveness and the abatement success level across the countries, was undertaken. Not only did the standard coding process ensure data comparability but the data were deemed substantially reliable with Cohen’s kappa of 0.76. Among 13 attributes of the SES factors, high facility adequacy, comprehensive COVID-19 testing policies, strict lockdown measures, imposition of penalty, and the high trust level towards the government seemed to be significant in determining the COVID-19 severity in a country. The results show that Vietnam (ranked first) and New Zealand (ranked second), with a high presence of attributes/design principles contributing to high-level government stringency and health and containment indices, successfully controlled the virus, while Indonesia (ranked seventh) and Japan (ranked sixth), associated with the low presence of design principles, were deemed least successful. Two lessons can be drawn: (i) having high number of P for SES attributes does not always mean a panacea for the pandemic; however, it would be detrimental to a country if it lacked them severely, and (ii) some attributes (mostly from the governance factor) may carry higher weightage towards explaining the success level. This comparative study providing an overview of critical SES attributes in relation to COVID-19 offers novel policy insights, thus helping policymakers devise more strategic, coordinated measures, particularly for effective country preparedness and response in addressing the current and the future health crisis.

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“…Yes [133] Yes [76] Yes [23] Yes [77] Yes [21] Yes [117] Yes [55] Health checks and temperature scanning…”

Section: Strict Standard Of Procedures In Public Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Strict Standard Of Procedures In Public Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Influencing Asia-Pacific Countries’ Success Level in Curbing COVID-19: A Review Using a Social–Ecological System (SES) Framework

Ling

Suhud

Leng

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Moreover, respondents with low education are 1.61 times more rarely to practice hand washing after going to the toilet compared to highly educated people (95% CI = 1.420-2.523, p< 0.05). 18 . Having said that, a basic principle of personal hygiene requires to be implemented in order to minimize the risk of COVID-19 transmission such as avoiding close contact with people from coronavirus infection, wearing mask and cough and sneezes with tissues or clothing as well as frequent handwashing 19 .…”

Section: The Perception Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross sectional survey of personal hygiene positive behaviour related to COVID-19 prevention and control among Indonesian communities

Lestari¹,

Kadir²,

Idham³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: The trend of COVID-19 confirmed cases has continually risen in Indonesia, this pandemic situation has affected several life sectors, including health sectors, education, economic, services, and employment sectors. Public health and social measures as recommended by Word Health Organization are required to be implemented in order to prevent the coronavirus disease spread. People’s behaviours can also affect the spread of the COVID-19 virus. Public behaviours including proper personal hygiene and healthy life practices, the use of appropriate masks, and the application of good disinfectants have an important role in human’s health and protection towards prevention and control of COVID-19 spreads. This study aims to perform a survey of public behaviour and best practices related to COVID-19 prevention and control among Indonesian communities. Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed to collect information related to public behaviour related to COVID-19 prevention and control using an online survey. Respondents were gathered from 34 provinces in Indonesia through the Indonesia National Safety and Health Council network and Universities network. Respondents voluntarily submitted their response to a pre-designed online questionnaire. The collected data was then analyzed using SPSS 24.0. Results: A total of respondents 771 subjects (male 386; female 385) were submitted their response. The results show that 96% of participants implementing positive behaviour of personal hygiene including wearing a mask when going outside their house and almost 67.3% of respondents sprayed a disinfectant in their house. The majority of participants hold a door handle (37.2%) and desk (28.1%) at frequency of more than six times a day. There were 8.2% of participants implementing good personal hygiene including hand washing at least once a day and maximum of more than six times after going to the toilet. At risk behaviour were conducted by respondents at which they touched part of their face at frequency once during an hour. It has been identified that male are less likely to perform better hand hygiene as opposed to female. In conclusion, study showed that positive behaviour of personal hygiene related to COVID-19 has been implemented among Indonesian communities. This result suggested that positive behaviour based on community based prevention and control need to be continually maintain in order to prevent and control COVID-19 spreads.

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“…To mitigate the COVID-19 outbreak, the Government of Indonesia took several immediate actions, such as conducted rapid reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test detection, set up a special task force for COVID-19, implemented large-scale social restrictions (LSSR), and released stimulus package as a response of the social restrictions [3][4][5]. On the other hand, the Government of Malaysia imposed movement control order (MCO), targeted screening, and released three stimulus packages [4,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Newcomb-Benford Law Analysis on COVID-19 Daily Infection Cases and Deaths in Indonesia and Malaysia

Wong

Juwono

Loh

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Aims: Each country has been racing to contain the spread of COVID-19. The published data of daily infection and death cases can be used to measure the effectiveness of the control interventions. We focus our study in two Southeast Asia countries: Indonesia and Malaysia during time period between March and November 2020.Methods: Newcomb-Benford law has been commonly used to analyze the probabilities of the first significant digits in natural occurrences since the late 19th century. It is a prominent statistical tool for its capability to detect frauds in data sets. A chi-squared test was recruited to quantify the closeness of the data and Newcomb-Benford law distributions.Results: The results revealed that the distributions of daily infection and death cases in Indonesia followed Newcomb-Benford law while the opposite results were obtained for Malaysia.Conclusion: We have done the analysis of verifying the daily COVID-19 infection and death cases in Indonesia and Malaysia using Newcomb-Benford law. It can be inferred that, between March and November 2020, the control interventions in Indonesia was less effective compared to Malaysia.

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The Impact of Large-scale Social Restriction on COVID-19 Incidence: A Case Study of Four Regions in Indonesia

Cited by 33 publications

References 11 publications

Factors Influencing Asia-Pacific Countries’ Success Level in Curbing COVID-19: A Review Using a Social–Ecological System (SES) Framework

Factors Influencing Asia-Pacific Countries’ Success Level in Curbing COVID-19: A Review Using a Social–Ecological System (SES) Framework

A cross sectional survey of personal hygiene positive behaviour related to COVID-19 prevention and control among Indonesian communities

Newcomb-Benford Law Analysis on COVID-19 Daily Infection Cases and Deaths in Indonesia and Malaysia

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