The Impact of Microplastics on Marine Copepods

Raju, P.; Gunabal, S.; Santhanam, P.

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-7953-5_19

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…fish; Castonguay et al, 2008). It has been documented that copepods ingest MPs and that high MP concentrations negatively affect their grazing, reproduction and lipid content (e.g., Cole et al, 2013Cole et al, , 2016Raju et al, 2019). However, knowledge of the potential impacts of MPs on arctic copepods is lacking (AMAP, 2017), particularly in relation to the seasonal change in food availability, which is a crucial feature of the arctic ecosystem (Nielsen and Hansen, 1995;Rysgaard et al, 1999Leu et al, 2015.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ingestion and impact of microplastics on arctic Calanus copepods

et al. 2020

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Microplastics (MPs) are contaminants of emerging concern in the Arctic, but knowledge of their potential effects on Arctic plankton food webs remains scarce. We experimentally investigated ingestion and effects of MPs (20 μm polyethylene spheres) on the arctic copepods Calanus finmarchicus, C. glacialis and C. hyperboreus. These species dominate arctic zooplankton biomass and are relevant target species to investigate the potential impacts of MPs on the Arctic marine ecosystem. Females of each species were exposed to two concentrations of MPs (200 and 20,000 MPs L − 1 ) in combination with different food (diatom) concentrations, reflecting high (3000-5000 cells mL − 1 , spring phytoplankton bloom) and low (50-500 cells mL − 1 , pre/post bloom) food conditions. MPs did not affect negatively fecal pellet production rates in any of the species at the studied exposure concentrations. However, egg production rates of copepods exposed to MPs were 8 times higher compared with the controls, which suggests that MP exposure can cause stress-induced spawning in arctic copepods. Microscopic examination of the fecal pellets confirmed ingested MPs in the three species (up to aprox. 1000 MPs cop − 1 d − 1 ). The number of MPs per pellet decreased exponentially with increasing food concentration. The daily ingestion of MPs per copepod was higher at low-food concentrations (250-500 cells mL − 1 ). At our exposure conditions, the presence of MPs inside C. hyperboreus fecal pellets did not affect their sinking rates. Overall, our experimental research show that 1) acute exposure to virgin polyethylene MPs has a low impact on arctic Calanus species at environmentally relevant MP concentrations, independent of food availability, and 2) arctic copepods influence the environmental fate of plankton-sized MPs by exporting buoyant MPs from the surface layer to the sea floor via fecal pellets.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ingestion and impact of microplastics on arctic Calanus copepods

et al. 2020

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“…Toxicity of microplastic create an alteration of environmental structure, biomagnification and bioaccumulation in aquatic and terrestrial organisms threatened to ecosystem functions. Microplastic found in several types of food and the majority of the reports have been studied their occurrence in seafood and copepod was ingest microplastics, which leads to damages their body functions, 62 it was detected in the gut of the fish species in Tuticorin, the Southeast coast of India. 63 Microplastics contaminated seafood could lead to a potential threat to human health.…”

Section: Microplastics As Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources and Impact of Microplastic Pollution in Indian Aquatic Ecosystem: A Review

Davis¹,

Raja²

2020

Curr. World Environ

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Microplastics are major pollutant distributed widely throughout the Indian marine and freshwater are posing a significant risk to living organisms. World economic forum’s estimation, the world’s oceans will be filled with more plastics than fishes by weight by 2050. The extreme production and use of plastics being lead to plastic waste disposal, and the plastic degrade to microplastic. The growing amount of microplastics will continue to increase microplastic pollution in aquatic environments. Today, it is a major environmental problem because microplastics are less than 5 mm in size and associated with other pollutants that can be accumulated on the body to make health problems and lead to death. Microplastics are directly ingested by organisms from polluted water or indirectly through the contaminated food web. The effects of microplastics are wide-ranging, impacting marine life, fisheries, economics, tourism, plants, marine aesthetics, and human health. This paper review focuses on the microplastic sources, pollution, and its impact in the Indian aquatic environment.

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“…In recent years, there were numerous documented cases of MP ingestion in marine species, ranging from the smallest planktonic animals to top predators. These species include micro-zooplankton, fish, and sea turtles [22,23]. It is well established that organisms at all levels of the marine food chain ingest MPs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Internal Defense System of Cerastoderma glaucum (Bruguière, 1789) Exposed to Pristine Microplastics: The Sentinel Role of Haemocytes as Biomarkers

Alesci,

Di Paola,

Marino

et al. 2024

Fishes

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The ubiquitous presence of microplastics (MPs) in the environment is a major concern for the conservation of biodiversity. Numerous studies show the detrimental effects of MPs on marine species, especially because of their small size and their capacity to absorb organic contaminants from their surroundings. The bivalve mollusk Cerastoderma glaucum (Bruguière, 1789), because of its wide geographic distribution and immobile feeding habits, can be used as a sentinel and bioindicator species. By examining the presence, localization, and co-localization of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS), this study aims to evaluate the response of the internal defense system of C. glaucum to pristine MPs through the employment of confocal microscopy and bioinformatics techniques. The results show haemocytes immunoreactive to the antibodies tested; in particular, a higher number of TLR2-positive haemocytes can be observed in the group exposed to pristine MPs. These findings suggest that haemocytes can play a key biomarker role as sentinels to environmental pollutants. Furthermore, bioinformatics analyses on the antibodies tested confirmed an evolutionary conservation of these molecules. These data highlight the critical role of phagocytosis in identifying ecosystem damage and are helpful in developing biosensors with less negative effects on the environments in which they are applied.

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The Impact of Microplastics on Marine Copepods

Cited by 3 publications

References 26 publications

Ingestion and impact of microplastics on arctic Calanus copepods

Ingestion and impact of microplastics on arctic Calanus copepods

Sources and Impact of Microplastic Pollution in Indian Aquatic Ecosystem: A Review

Exploring the Internal Defense System of Cerastoderma glaucum (Bruguière, 1789) Exposed to Pristine Microplastics: The Sentinel Role of Haemocytes as Biomarkers

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