The impact of post-anthesis nitrogen and water availability on yield formation of winter wheat

Abstract

The effects of irrigation regimes (full irrigation and water-withholding at anthesis) and post-anthesis nitrogen supplies (LN: 0, MN: 20 and HN: 40 kg N/ha) on grain yield and its components in winter wheat were studied, with attention to biomass gain by assimilation and its loss by respiration. Fully-irrigated wheat responded to N fertilization with increased grain number (GN) and decreased grain weight (GW) and achieved similar grain yields (5.2 to 5.5 t/ha) at different N supplies. However, drought-stressed wheat responded to N with higher GN without significant changes in GW, and achieved higher grain yields (2.7 vs. 3.3 t/ha) with HN compared to LN. Net assimilation rates during grain filling (NARg) increased with increasing post-anthesis N fertilization for drought-stressed wheat (NARg: 3.8 and 4.5 g/m/day for LN and HN). Apparent whole-plant respiration (R A ) was not influenced by increased post-anthesis N fertilizer. Thus, in drought-stressed wheat, the total biomass and straw yield at maturity were increased by increasing N supply. These results suggest that high N supply at anthesis satisfied the grains' increased demand for N by increasing post-floral assimilation, and the surplus assimilates not only compensated for the low-N-induced biomass loss by respiration but may also have increased the straw yield.

Effect of different water supply on accumulation of high molecular weight glutenin subunits and glutenin macropolymers in near-isogenic wheat lines

“…This confirms the results of Jia et al (2012), who found that drought or excess water led to less and smaller GMP formed, indicating irrigation levels influenced both glutenin biosyn- thesis and glutenin particle formation. These data have shown that water availability and genotype are important factors that influence the formation of yield and flour quality, which is consistent with the results of Madani et al (2012). While managing for wheat yield and quality, growers should consider both the water and genotype factors to improve the end-use quality of wheat.…”

Optimizing Tomato Productivity and Water Use Efficiency Using Water Regimes, Plant Density and Row Spacing Under Arid Land Conditions

“…Water deficiency restricts normal crop growth resulting in enormous yield loss. However, the presence of available SWC encourages extensive root development which can occupy a large soil mass and increase water and nutrient absorption, resulting in enhanced growth characteristics and higher tomato yield (Warner et al, 2002;Ismail et al, , 2008Law-Ogbomo and Egharevba, 2009;Madani et al, 2012).…”

Water use of winter cereals under well-watered and drought-stressed conditions

“…Nutrient solution was provided once a week using Volldünger Classic water-soluble fertilizer (Kwizda Agro Ltd., Vienna, Austria). The drought stress was generated by total water withholding for 7 days from the 5 th day after heading (Madani et al 2012, Varga et al 2012). Weight of the pots was constant at the end of the stress treatments, as the result of which the volumetric soil water content measured using 5TE soil moisture sensors (Decagon Devices Ltd., Pullman, USA) dropped from the control value of 20-25% to 3-5%.…”