The impact of the height of the model top on the simulation of tropospheric stationary waves

Ruosteenoja, Kimmo

doi:10.1002/qj.49712555415

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…1-3, using the primitive equations on the sphere, retain very little resolution in the stratosphere and do not attempt to impose a radiation condition at the top of the model, so they are dependent on refraction and absorption in the stratosphere for the validity of the simulations. Ruosteenoja (1999) provides a careful study of the sensitivity of a stationary wave model on the sphere to a reflecting upper lid. The resulting sensitivity is quite modest.…”

Section: E Refraction In the Stratospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Northern Winter Stationary Waves: Theory and Modeling

Held¹,

Ting²,

Wang³

2002

J. Climate

355

308

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A review is provided of stationary wave theory, the theory for the deviations from zonal symmetry of the climate. To help focus the discussion the authors concentrate exclusively on northern winter. Several theoretical issues, including the external Rossby wave dispersion relation and vertical structure, critical latitude absorption, the nonlinear response to orography, and the interaction of forced wave trains with preexisting zonal asymmetries, are chosen for discussion while simultaneously presenting a decomposition of the wintertime stationary wave field using a nonlinear steady-state model.

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Section: E Refraction In the Stratospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Northern Winter Stationary Waves: Theory and Modeling

Held¹,

Ting²,

Wang³

2002

J. Climate

355

308

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1towever, because of the complexity of the processes in GCMs, it is not easy to identify what part of the stratospheric variability is passively responding to changes in the troposphere as modeled by Matsuno [1971] and what part actively creates variability in the troposphere. Linear model studies [e.g., Geller and Alpeft, 1980;Ruosteenoja, 1999] suggest that only changes in the lower stratosphere can produce visible effects on the troposphere. However, as suggested previously [Kodera et al, 1990;Shindell et al, 1999], upper stratospheric zonal wind anomalies propagate downward into the lower stratosphere, and even into the troposphere, by interacting with the planetary waves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mechanistic model study of slowly propagating coupled stratosphere‐troposphere variability

Kodera¹,

Kuroda²

2000

J. Geophys. Res.

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Abstract. Observational studies reveal the oscillatory nature of coupled stratosphere-troposphere variability, which is characterized by a slowly downward propagating anomalous zonal-mean zonal wind during the winter. The term "slowly" is employed compared to the rapid variation associated with stratospheric sudden warmings. In fact, strong stratospheric warming events are embedded in this slowly propagating variability as is shown in a companion paper [Kodera e! al., this issue]. In the present study, the mechanism producing such variability at all levels of the atmosphere is investigated by developing a simple model that extends from the Earth's surface to 80 km altitude. The model is a quasi-geostrophic channel model similar to that used by Holton and Mass [1976], but it includes two meridional Fourier components and latitudinal variation in the gradient of the Coriolis parameter. By this extension, the present model can incmporate both the subtropical and polar night jet and also treat the horizontal propagation of planetary waves as well as vertical propagation. The results of the simulation reproduce qualitatively well the main observed features: Interaction between the planetary waves and zonal-mean flow produces oscillations in the winter stratosphere, and zonal wind anomalies created in the subtropics of the stratopause propagate downward into the polar region of the troposphere, which provoke changes in the meridional propagation of tropospheric planetary waves. IntroductionIn a companion paper [Kodera et al., this issue] we show that two contrasting types of winter exist in the stratosphere: One is characterized by a persistent strong stratospheric polar night jet, and the other is characterized by a slowly propagating anomalous zonal-mean zonal wind from the stratosphere to the troposphere. The term "slowly" is employed in comparison with the rapid variation associated with stratospheric sudden warmings. In fact, strong stratospheric warming events are embedded in this slowly propagating variability. Although slowly propagating anomalies rarely achieve more than one cycle during a cold season, an approximate periodicity of 3-5 months is suggested. These two different states of the stratospheric circulation may be compared to the vacillating and stationary regimes in a simple mechanistic model by Holton and Mass [ 1976] (hereinafter referred to HM).Another important characteristic of the observed slowly propagating anomalies is that the variation is not limited to the stratosphere. It also propagates into the troposphere, where it is accompanied by changes in the meridional propagation of tropospheric planetary waves. This stratosphere-troposphere coupled mode of variability is, in fact, closely related to that discussed in previous papers in connection with the Arctic Oscillation (

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Quantifying the wave driving of the stratosphere

Newman¹,

Nash²

2000

J. Geophys. Res.

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Abstract.The zonal-mean eddy heat flux is directly proportional to the wave activity that propagates from the troposphere into the stratosphere. This quantity is a simple eddy diagnostic which is calculated from conventional meteorological analyses. Because this "wave driving" of the stratosphere has a strong impact on the stratospheric temperature, it is necessary to compare the impact of the flux with respect to stratospheric radiative changes caused by greenhouse gas changes. Hence we must understand the precision and accuracy of the heat flux derived from our global meteorological analyses. Herein we quantify the stratospheric heat flux using five different meteorological analyses and show that there are 15% differences, on average, between these analyses during the disturbed conditions of the Northern Hemisphere winter. Such large differences result from the planetary differences in the stationary temperature and meridional wind fields. In contrast, planetary transient waves show excellent agreement among these five analyses, and this transient heat flux appears to have a long-term downward trend.

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The impact of the height of the model top on the simulation of tropospheric stationary waves

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Northern Winter Stationary Waves: Theory and Modeling

Northern Winter Stationary Waves: Theory and Modeling

A mechanistic model study of slowly propagating coupled stratosphere‐troposphere variability

Quantifying the wave driving of the stratosphere

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