The implementation and evaluation of health professions students as health coaches within a diabetes self-management education program

<p>Does the Modality Used in Health Coaching Matter? A Systematic Review of Health Coaching Outcomes</p>

“…18,44 Reports on the training and education provided to the pharmacist health coach were different. 39,43,45 Two studies did not mention the training provided. 29,44 While another two mentioned that pharmacists had formerly acquired the communication skills needed to health coach 18,24 Each study had a different endpoint in terms of; cost-effectiveness, 44 psychological symptoms, 18 drug attitude 24 and adherence.…”

“…39 Without having performed a cost analysis, one study reported that health coaching could reduce overall costs by supporting high-risk patients. 45 For the study investigating drug attitude, improvements in drug attitude inventory scores (DAI-30) were apparent at 3 months, 24 this correlated with an improvement in psychological symptoms. Two-thirds of patients were in remission at 6 months approximately, and were satisfied with the service; 86% of the health coaching patients reported they would recommend the service others.…”

“…40 Of the seven studies that used a combination of modalities to health coach, two used pharmacy students as the health coach. Each of these studies investigated the outcomes of health coaching on different patient populations; diabetes 45 and hypertension. 43 Students in both studies received health coach training, which included techniques of motivational interviewing, though the degree of training varied from 2 hours of online training 45 to 6 hours of faceto-face content.…”

“…Participants also indicated that they would recommend the service to their friends/family. 45 As part of the protocol for the second study engaging students as the health coaches, participants initially received weekly email, texts, and phone calls. 43 However, due to significant participant drop out and lack of follow-up, the method of health coaching was modified to face-to-face contact.…”

Impact of Student Pharmacists Teaching a Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support Class

“…6 There is evidence that a variety of educational experiences (eg, certificate programs, elective courses, APPE "patient navigator" training, diabetesfocused APPEs) can positively impact a student pharmacist's knowledge, attitudes, and/or skills associated with diabetes or other chronic conditions. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] However, we found only one study that evaluated students confidence with diabetes knowledge and education after teaching a DSMES class. 6 While that study, which was conducted by Shrader and colleagues, was similar in design to ours, it involved third-year pharmacy students within an elective service-learning course rather than fourth-year APPE students.…”