The Induction and Formation of Organs in Callus Cultures from Twigs of Mature Japanese Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.)

Abstract

SummaryCambial tissues from the twigs of a mature Japanese persimmon, Diospyros kaki Thunb, cv. `Tsurunoko', were used as the starting material in this experiment. Callli were induced on various callus induction media.Root formation in the calli was observed on Murashige and Skoog's medium containing 1 ppm NAA. KIN in combination with NAA did not inhibit to the root formation at 1 ppm.Root formation in the callus depended largely on the type of medium en which the callus was isolated and subcultured and the number of successive subcultures on a given medium. When the callus was isolated on Murashige and Skoog's medium containing NAA and KIN, roots were formed in the first passage, whereas when the callus was isolated on Murashige and Skoog's medium containing 0.1% yeast extract or 0.1% phytone, NAA, and KIN, the first root formation was not observed until the callus was subcultured on the medium several times.Roots were never formed in calli which were isolated and subcultured on Murashige and Skoog's medium containing 2, 4-D or IBA instead of NAA, nor were either Wolter and Skoog's medium or a modified Wolter and Skoog's medium containing NAA and KIN suitable for root formation.Bud initials were formed in callus which was subcultured several times on Mura shige and Skoog's medium containing NAA and KIN. KIN was effective in promot ing bud initiation in combination with NAA.These initials turned green under continuous light conditions, but they did not succeed in developing themselves into plantlets on various media.Abnormal structures were initiated in callus cultured on Murashige and Skoog's medium containing NAA and KIN, but these structures were not identifiable as either root or bud initials.

Adventitious shoot regeneration from dormant buds of persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) cv. Hachiya

“…(Fukui et al 1989, Bellini and Giordani 1997a, Xiangsheng et al 1998, Mitrofanova and Mitrofanova 2004, Naval et al 2009, XiaoNa and JunLian 2009). Other explantates, tested in the past for persimmon in vitro regeneration, were leaf segments (Fukui et al 1988, Choi et al 2001, Mitrofanova and Mitrofanova 2004, Xiaoxin et al 2004, Liu et al 2006, eggs (Welgel and Hughes 1986), embryos, cotyledons (Mitrofanova and Mitrofanova 2004), hypocotyls (Sun et al 2000), cambium of twigs (Yokoyama and Takeuchi 1981) and roots (Tetsumura and Yukinaga 2002). These types of plant material had a lower regeneration ability in comparison with buds, and therefore they were not accepted into practice.…”

Adventitious bud formation through nodule induction by thidiazuron in cultured leaf segments of the Japanese persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.)

“…Bar, 10 mm. Callus with a few shoots, nodules, and adventitious buds formed after two months of culture withefficiently using other phytohormones (Yokoyama and Takeuchi 1977, 1981. There are many reports on tissue culture with TDZ in various plants (Huetteman and Preece, 1993) including sweet potato (Gosukonda et al 1995), apple (Sarwar and Skirvin 1997), evening primrose (de Gyves et al 2001), pothos (Qu et al 2002), hydrangea (Ledbetter and Preece 2004), rhododendron (Tomsone et al 2004), lentil (Khawar et al 2004), strawberry (Debnath 2005), begonia (Nhut el al.…”