The Influence of Environmental Factors on the Crop and Quality of Fiber Flax

Черников, В. Г.; Rostovtsev, R.A.; Kudryavtsev, N.A.; Uschapovsky, I.V.; Popov, Roman Andreevich

doi:10.17238/issn2587-666x.2020.5.3

Bulletin of Agrarian Science

2020

DOI: 10.17238/issn2587-666x.2020.5.3

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The Influence of Environmental Factors on the Crop and Quality of Fiber Flax

В. Г. Черников¹,

R.A. Rostovtsev²,

N.A. Kudryavtsev³

et al.

Abstract: The formation of fiber flax yield and quality parameters depends on many soil-climatic, breedinggenetic, as well as anthropogenic factors. The quality of flax fiber is a combination of a number of features and properties that depend on the varietal characteristics of plants, the conditions of their cultivation, technologies for harvesting and straw retting, as well as on the processing modes of raw materials. During plant vegetation (90-130 days) many factors such as soil conditions (pH 4.8-5.5, humus 1.8-2.5%… Show more

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Substantiation of Drying Modes for a New Universal Method of Short Flax Fiber Drying

Novikov,

Altukhova,

Koroleva

et al. 2024

S-h. maš. tehnol.

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Deep processing enterprises often receive short flax fibers with high moisture content, which must be dried to meet processing requirements. (Research purpose) To investigate the effect of process parameters (speed, drying agent consumption, air injection and vacuum, air temperature in the drying chamber) on the drying time of short and uniform flax fibers. (Materials and methods) The studies were conducted using a new drying unit with air recirculation. Flax fibers were pre-moistened to a moisture content of 35-40 percent and loaded into the working chamber. Before drying, and then at one-minute intervals during the process, the fibers were weighed to monitor moisture loss. Additionally, the air temperature at the inlet and the outlet of the drying chamber, as well as in the mixing chamber, was measured before the start of the process and then at one-minute intervals. Experiments were conducted using various combinations of speed and flow rates for both incoming and outgoing air in the drying chamber. The initial temperature of the drying agent was 70-80 degrees Celsius, with a relative humidity of 5 percent. The average ambient temperature in the facility was 17 degrees Celsius, and the recirculation degree was 1.4. (Results and discussion) The drying duration of short flax fibers from a moisture of 30 to 14 percent is 1.3-1.9 minutes. Switching the airflow mode from injection to vacuum does not significantly affect the drying time; for effective drying, an air speed of 8-9 meters per second should be maintained. The temperature of the drying agent continuously increases, while the exhaust air temperature initially drops by 25-28 degrees Celsius before rising again. The temperature of the mixed air remains almost unchanged. (Conclusions) For the first time, optimal process parameters have been determined for drying short flax fibers in a new installation with air recirculation: a drying duration of 1.3-1.4 minutes, a drying agent temperature of 75-80 degrees Celsius, as well as ideal combinations of airflow rate and speed for both the incoming and outgoing air.

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Substantiation of Drying Modes for a New Universal Method of Short Flax Fiber Drying

Novikov,

Altukhova,

Koroleva

et al. 2024

S-h. maš. tehnol.

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The effect of the herbicide Magnum on the yield and quality of flax products

Rozhmina

Жученко

Gerasimova

et al. 2021

Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока

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The aim of the research was to study the response of various flax genotypes to the treatment of plants with a sulfonylurea herbicide – Magnum (active ingredient is metsulfuron-methyl) and to identify resistant forms for use in breeding programs for herbicide resistance. In 2018-2020 an assessment of 24 varieties and promising lines of fiber flax of domestic and foreign selection for resistance to this herbicide was carried out, the treatment of crops with the preparation was carried out at the recommended consumption rate of 0.01 kg/ha in the “herringbone” phase. It has been proved that the use of this herbicide leads to uneven plant growth during the “herringbone – flowering” period, which negatively affects the yield and quality of flax fiber. The decrease in the main indicators of the productivity and quality of the fiber in the variant with the use of the herbicide in comparison with the control, depending on the genotype was: in plant height – up to 44.4 %, in the weight of the technical part – 71.1 %, in the fiber mass – 74.8 %, in «myklost» (the ratio of the technical length of stem to its diameter)– 46.3 %, in the length of the elementary fiber – 27.7 %. A high level of resistance (over 80 %) to the herbicide Magnum for all analyzed traits was shown by the varieties Atlant (Russia) and Mogilevsky (Belarus). It was shown that when treating fiber flax plants with the herbicide, as a rule, an increase in inflorescence occurs due to a decrease in the technical length of the stem. It results in rise of the main indicators of seed productivity in most of genotypes under the influence of the Magnum preparation – the number of bolls and seeds per plant (up to 3.2 times). The exception was the variety Vega 2 (Lithuania), which had a decrease in the number of bolls per plant in the variant with herbicide treatment compared with the control by 1.8 times, and in the number of seeds by 5.3 times. This varietywasalso the most sensitive to the effect of Magnum in all parameters of productivity and fiber quality. The results are consistent with the data obtained whentreating various collection samples of fiber flax with a tank mixture Magnum + Herbitox L + Miura at the recommended consumption rates (0.007 + 0.6 + 1.0 kg(l)/ha).

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Managing the productivity of flax by optimizing nutrition

Sorokina

2024

Agrohimiâ

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In the Tver region, on sod-podzolic light loamy soil, the productivity management of fiber flax varieties (Zaryanka and Diplomat) with different maturation periods was studied by optimizing their mineral nutrition. To calculate the dose of mineral nutrition, 3 methods were used: balanced modified by Kayumov, balanced to compensate for the removal, and by the ratio of elements in the fertilizer. Accordingly, the doses were N0P0K0 (control), N30P0K50, N30P22K80, and N30P60K150. It was found that despite various weather conditions, the use of fertilizers from the initial phases of flax plant growth allowed plants to accumulate a large biomass: in arid conditions, on average, for varieties by 58% more, in optimal water supply conditions – by 45%. The absorption of nutrients by flax plants increased with an increase in the dose of the introduced elements. With an equal dose of nitrogen in the fertilizer, its amount was greater both in the roots and stems of flax, with increasing doses of phosphorus and potassium in the fertilizer. The content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the flax roots of the late-maturing Diplomat variety was higher than that of the early-maturing Zaryanka. When optimizing nutrition by applying fertilizers in doses of N30P22K80 and N30P60K150, the proportion of stems in the structure of flax plants increased and amounted to 45 and 46% in the Zaryanka variety, 44 and 49% in the Diplomat variety, respectively to dosage. Without fertilizers, the share of the stem was 38%, and the share of roots and leaves was the highest – 22 and 42%. The production process in this case was less rational. The late-maturing Diplomat variety, on average, for 3 years, when applying all doses of fertilizers, had a yield of flax straw by 3.1–3.9 c/ha more than the early-maturing Zaryanka variety. In the early-maturing variety Zaryanka, a higher dose of fertilizers N30P60K150 reduced the quality indicators: the number of the long fiber and the percentage number of the entire fiber, especially during the dry growing season.

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The Influence of Environmental Factors on the Crop and Quality of Fiber Flax

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Substantiation of Drying Modes for a New Universal Method of Short Flax Fiber Drying

Substantiation of Drying Modes for a New Universal Method of Short Flax Fiber Drying

The effect of the herbicide Magnum on the yield and quality of flax products

Managing the productivity of flax by optimizing nutrition

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