THE INFLUENCE OF INTER-PLANT COMPETITION ON THE MORPHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SPIKES OF NON-TILLERING BARLEY (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i> L. emend. Lam.)

Badra, Abdo; Klinck, H. R.

doi:10.4141/cjps81-125

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…All distances are expressed in centimorgans on the left cul2 inflorescence development have been observed previously. cul2 plants were reported to reach the double ridge stage later than conventional tillering cultivars and produce absent, sterile, and/or distorted spikelets during inflorescence development (Badra and Klinck 1981;Dofing and Karlsson 1993;Dofing 1996). Badra and Klinck (1981) also reported the occurrence of branched rachises, which were not observed in this study.…”

Section: Cul2 Is Required For Normal Barley Inflorescence Developmentmentioning

confidence: 42%

Genetic and morphological characterization of the barley uniculm2 (cul2) mutant

2003

Theor Appl Genet

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Axillary meristem growth and development help define plant architecture in barley (Hordeum vulgare L). Plants carrying the recessive uniculm2 (cul2) mutation initiate vegetative axillary meristem development but fail to develop tillers. In addition, inflorescence axillary meristems develop into spikelets, but the spikelets at the distal end of the inflorescence have an altered phyllotaxy and are sometimes absent. Double mutant combinations of cul2 and nine other recessive mutations that exhibit low to high tiller number phenotypes resulted in a uniculm vegetative phenotype. One exception was the occasional multiple shoots produced in combination with granum-a; a high tillering mutant that occasionally produces two shoot apical meristems. These results show that the CUL2 gene product plays a role in the development of axillary meristems into tillers but does not regulate the development of vegetative apical meristems. Moreover, novel double-mutant inflorescence phenotypes were observed with cul2 in combination with the other mutants. These data show that the wild-type CUL2 gene product is involved in controlling proper inflorescence development and that it functions in combination with some of the other genes that affect branching. Our genetic analysis indicates that there are genetically separate but not distinct regulatory controls on vegetative and inflorescence axillary development. Finally, to facilitate future positionally cloning of cul2, we positioned cul2 on chromosome 6(6H) of the barley RFLP map.

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Section: Cul2 Is Required For Normal Barley Inflorescence Developmentmentioning

confidence: 42%

Genetic and morphological characterization of the barley uniculm2 (cul2) mutant

2003

Theor Appl Genet

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“…Kulshrestha and Chowdhury (1987) stated that the capacity of plants to produce more tillers than usually survive is a primitive trait related to plant survival under environmental stresses, having little relevance in modern agricultural production practices. Badra and Klinck (1981) observed spike abnormalities in uniculm barley which were expressed as "tweaked" or branched rachises. These abnormalities were thought to be caused by the non-uniform development of the rachis in response to an imbalance between growth-promoting and growth-inhibiting substances.…”

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confidence: 99%

Growth and Development of Uniculm and Conventional‐Tillering Barley Lines

Dofing¹,

Karlsson

1993

Agronomy Journal

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Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) producers in northern regions require genotypes that develop and mature rapidly. Although the phenological development of barley has been studied extensively, the effect of the uniculm character on rate of growth and development has not been investigated. The objective of this study was to compare the growth and development of uniculm and conventional-tillering near-isogenic barley lines. Three pairs of near-isogenic lines that differed by the presence of the uc 2 (uniculm) gene were evaluated at Palmer and Fairbanks, AK during the 1990 and 1991 growing seasons. Averaged over four environments, uniculm genotypes required more growing degree days (GOD) to reach double ridge formation, but there were no differences for GDD to terminal spikelet formation (P < 0.01). Uniculm genotypes had 0.3 more leaves per main culm, required 12 fewer GDD to reach full flag leaf extension, and had a leaf appearance rate that was 0.12 leaves (100 GOD)-' faster than conventional genotypes (P < 0.01). Uniculm genotypes matured 23 GDD earlier and were 10.9 em taller than their conventional counterparts (P < 0.01). The restriction of a single culm per plant decreased kernels per spike by 2.2 kernels and increased kernel weight by 8.4 mg (P < 0.01). Our results suggest that the uniculm phenotype results in several favorable modifications of phenological development, which may be of practical value in regions where early maturity is important.S.M. Dofing, Agric. and Foresty Exp. Stn., 533 E. Fireweed, Palmer, AK, 99645; and M.G. Karlsson, Agric. and Foresty Exp. Stn., Univ. of Alaska-Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, 99775. Contribution from the Agric. and Foresty Stn., Univ. of Alaska-Fairbanks.

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“…The proposed use of uniculms (Donald 1968(Donald , 1979 has had limited success. Some yield increases have been reported (Donald 1979), but results have been inconsistent because of yield component compensation (McDonald 1990), or because of spike abnormalities appearing at higher plant densities and higher temperatures (Kirby 1973b;Badra and Klinck 1981).…”

Section: Tillering and Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barley: Physiology of Yield

Smith¹,

Dijak²,

Bulman³

et al. 1999

Crop Yield

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Physiology describes the operation of a plant at the biochemical, cell, tissue, organ and whole plant levels, recognizing that all of these are under the control of the plant genome. In the case of crop plants we are interested in how the combined operation of all plant's functions leads to the production of the harvestable component which, in cereal crops, is generally grain. Broadly speaking, the most important of the physiological activities in a crop plant with regard to yield are dry matter production, nutrient uptake, plant component partitioning and the processes of development (especially grain filling and the other aspects of yield component development). The developmental processes occur sequentially in time and involve progressive shifts in physiology. As barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a feed grain and a major source of malting grain for beer and spirits, aspects of physiology that affect the amount of grain produced and its quality (the amount of energy and protein) are of special interest.

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THE INFLUENCE OF INTER-PLANT COMPETITION ON THE MORPHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SPIKES OF NON-TILLERING BARLEY (Hordeum vulgare L. emend. Lam.)

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Genetic and morphological characterization of the barley uniculm2 (cul2) mutant

Genetic and morphological characterization of the barley uniculm2 (cul2) mutant

Growth and Development of Uniculm and Conventional‐Tillering Barley Lines

Barley: Physiology of Yield

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