The Influence of Legacy P on Lake Water Quality in a Midwestern Agricultural Watershed

Motew, Melissa; Chen, Xi; Booth, Eric G.; Carpenter, Stephen R.; Pinkas, Pavel; Zipper, Samuel C.; Loheide, Steven P.; Donner, Simon D.; Tsuruta, Kai; Vadas, Peter; Kucharik, Christopher J.

doi:10.1007/s10021-017-0125-0

Cited by 76 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Particle‐bound P can account for a substantial fraction of P load, but dissolved forms of P are also significant components of load (Powers et al ) especially in agricultural watersheds subject to intensive fertilizer and manure applications (Sharpley et al ). P loads to Lake Mendota are roughly evenly balanced between dissolved and particulate forms (Motew et al ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme precipitation and phosphorus loads from two agricultural watersheds

Carpenter

Booth

Kucharik

2017

Limnology & Oceanography

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107

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Phosphorus runoff from agricultural land is a major cause of eutrophication in lakes and reservoirs. Frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation events are increasing in agricultural regions of the Upper Midwestern U.S., and these increases are projected to continue as climate warms. We quantified the linkage between extreme daily precipitation and extreme daily discharge, phosphorus (P) load, and P concentration for Pheasant Branch and the Yahara River, two tributaries of Lake Mendota, Wisconsin, U.S.A. using the generalized Pareto distribution. Although precipitation extremes have increased since 1940, over the shorter period of stream monitoring (1994–2015 for Pheasant Branch and 1991–2015 for Yahara) there is no significant trend in extreme precipitation. Nonetheless a disproportionate number of extreme precipitation events (for example seven of the 11 largest 24‐h events since 1901) occurred during the period of stream monitoring. Daily precipitation extremes were associated with extremes in daily discharge and P load. P load return levels increased steeply and almost linearly with precipitation on log‐log axes. The trend toward more frequent and intense precipitation extremes will increase P loading and intensify the eutrophication of the lake, unless the excessive P enrichment of the watershed is reversed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme precipitation and phosphorus loads from two agricultural watersheds

Carpenter

Booth

Kucharik

2017

Limnology & Oceanography

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107

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“…The model requires as inputs topography, water surface evaporation, precipitation, surface runoff, and subsurface drainage (water that has drained through the grid cell's soil column). THMB is typically run at a spatial resolution of

5^{'}

latitude

\times 5^{'}

longitude, but the model is scalable and has been executed at resolutions as high as 220 m × 220 m (Motew et al, ).…”

Section: Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Application of a Large‐Scale, Physically Based, Distributed Suspended Sediment Transport Model on the Fraser River Basin, British Columbia, Canada

et al. 2018

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Modeling sediment transport through large basins presents a challenging problem. The relation between water flux and sediment load is complex, and substantial erosion and transport can occur over small spatial and temporal scales. Analysis of large‐scale basins often relies on lumped empirical models that do not consider spatial or subannual variability. In this study, we adapt a small‐scale, mechanistic, distributed suspended sediment transport model for application to large basins. The model is integrated into the Terrestrial Hydrology Model with Biochemistry to make use of the Terrestrial Hydrology Model with Biochemistry's dynamic water routing. The coupled model is applied to the 230,000‐km2 Fraser River Basin in British Columbia, Canada, using climatic and hydrological inputs provided by a historical run of the Variable Infiltration Capacity model. Hourly simulations are aggregated into monthly and long‐term averages which are compared against observations. Simulated long‐term lake sedimentation values are within an order of magnitude of observations, and monthly load simulations have an average R2 of 0.70 across the five study stations with available data. Model results indicate that sediment loads from tributaries do not heavily influence dynamics along the main stem and suggest the importance of network connectivity. Sensitivity analysis indicates that models may benefit from characterizing bed load irrespective of its contribution to total sediment load. Historical simulations over the 1965–2004 period reveal important changes in sediment dynamics that could not be captured with a lumped model, including a decrease in basin sediment load interannual variability driven by changes in runoff and load variability within a key subbasin.

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“…, Motew et al. ). Urban ES research would benefit from further understanding of the effects of agricultural legacies on a greater number of services, across different types of urban green space.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and historical land use influence soil‐based ecosystem services in an urban landscape

Ziter

Turner

2018

Ecological Applications

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Urban landscapes are increasingly recognized as providing important ecosystem services (ES) to their occupants. Yet, urban ES assessments often ignore the complex spatial heterogeneity and land-use history of cities. Soil-based services may be particularly susceptible to land-use legacy effects. We studied indicators of three soil-based ES, carbon storage, water quality regulation, and runoff regulation, in a historically agricultural urban landscape and asked (1) How do ES indicators vary with contemporary land cover and time since development? (2) Do ES indicators vary primarily among land-cover classes, within land-cover classes, or within sites? (3) What is the relative contribution of urban land-cover classes to potential citywide ES provision? We measured biophysical indicators (soil carbon [C], available phosphorus [P], and saturated hydraulic conductivity [K ]) in 100 sites across five land-cover classes, spanning an ~125-year gradient of time since development within each land-cover class. Potential for ES provision was substantial in urban green spaces, including developed land. Runoff regulation services (high K ) were highest in forests; water quality regulation (low P) was highest in open spaces and grasslands; and open spaces and developed land (e.g., residential yards) had the highest C storage. In developed land covers, both C and P increased with time since development, indicating effects of historical land-use on contemporary ES and trade-offs between two important ES. Among-site differences accounted for a high proportion of variance in soil properties in forests, grasslands, and open space, while residential areas had high within-site variability, underscoring the leverage city residents have to improve urban ES provision. Developed land covers contributed most ES supply at the citywide scale, even after accounting for potential impacts of impervious surfaces. Considering the full mosaic of urban green space and its history is needed to estimate the kinds and magnitude of ES provided in cities, and to augment regional ES assessments that often ignore or underestimate urban ES supply.

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The Influence of Legacy P on Lake Water Quality in a Midwestern Agricultural Watershed

Cited by 76 publications

References 81 publications

Extreme precipitation and phosphorus loads from two agricultural watersheds

Extreme precipitation and phosphorus loads from two agricultural watersheds

Development and Application of a Large‐Scale, Physically Based, Distributed Suspended Sediment Transport Model on the Fraser River Basin, British Columbia, Canada

Current and historical land use influence soil‐based ecosystem services in an urban landscape

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