The Influence of Olfactory Stimulation by Essential Oils on Salivary Alpha-Amylase Activity and State Anxiety Level

Nagata, Yoshie; Miyashita, Yoh; Mori, Mitsuru

doi:10.1625/jcam.10.39

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Similarly, Nagata et al . (2013) observed a reduction in salivary α‐amylase activity in undergraduate students administered orange aroma .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of orange aroma are yet to be elucidated. Some previous studies have indicated that orange aroma has psycho‐physiological benefits , but several others have failed to support these assertions . The literature indicates that orange aroma may not be beneficial for stress reduction, and in some cases may even lead to increased stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Psychological effects reported in the literature include reduced anxiety and stress with orange and yuzu , improved mood with orange , enhanced relaxation with orange and bergamot blended with lavender , and reduced pain intensity with damask rose . Reported physiological effects include inhibited cardiac stress with orange , bergamot , lavender , and bergamot blended with lavender , and a reduced endocrine stress response with orange and yuzu . Further, lavender is reported to function as an effective treatment for neurological disorders , as well as to improve task performance and enhance sleep quality .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inconsistencies inherent in aroma research are frequently attributed to differences in dose and duration of aroma administration. Since most previous studies used conventional methods, such as aroma diffusers or masks/other materials impregnated with aroma , controlling the dose and duration of aroma inhalation was difficult. Furthermore, the outcome of such studies may have been affected by olfactory fatigue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alleviation of the acute stress response following mild orange essential oil administration

Lekamge

Nakachi

Sato

et al. 2017

IEEJ Transactions Elec Engng

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We investigated the effect of two different concentrations of orange aroma on peripheral and cardiac autonomic nervous system activity under a stressful condition in a highly reproducible manner. In the within‐subjects experiment, 19 subjects performed a 30‐min calculation task under three aroma conditions: 1% orange, 20% orange, and scentless air (control). Each aroma was delivered to the subject intermittently with the use of a proprietary olfactometer in a counter‐balanced order. Along with a visual analog scale (VAS), nose tip temperature and the cardiac activity on electrocardiograms were recorded throughout the experiment. Regardless of the aroma condition, significant decreases in nose tip temperature and the high‐frequency (HF) component of heart rate variability (HRV) and a significant increase in heart rate (HR) were observed during the task, denoting a typical acute stress response. However, the increase/decrease in HR and HF were significantly smaller with 1% orange than with 20% orange and the control condition, indicating an inhibition of sympathetic nervous system elevation and parasympathetic nervous system suppression. There were no significant differences between the two doses for the VAS scores. The findings suggest that mild orange essential oil inhalation inhibits the cardiac stress response while demonstrating no significant effect on subjective stress. © 2017 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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“…Similarly, Nagata et al . (2013) observed a reduction in salivary α‐amylase activity in undergraduate students administered orange aroma .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Alleviation of the acute stress response following mild orange essential oil administration

Lekamge

Nakachi

Sato

et al. 2017

IEEJ Transactions Elec Engng

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show abstract

“…The sedative effects of lavender have been demonstrated in studies on anxiety reduction and mood improvement 9,10 . Nagata et al found that sweet orange essential oil produced a relaxing effect by measuring salivary α-amylase activity and changes in state anxiety levels using a psychological index 11 . Comparatively, the measurement of neural changes caused by emotional and psychological transitions can be investigated using near-infrared spectroscopy NIRS .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile Components of the Essential Oil of <i>Artemisia montana</i> and Their Sedative Effects

et al. 2017

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Alleviation of acute stress response by black pepper aroma administration

Dilrukshi,

Nishiyama,

Ito

et al. 2024

J Physiol Anthropol

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Background Black pepper is one of the most popular spices globally. As black pepper essential oil has not yet been used in the context of aromatherapy, this study examined the effect of black pepper aroma on cardiac and peripheral autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity under stressful conditions using an olfactometer to administer aroma in a precise and controlled manner to ensure reproducibility. Methods A within-participant design experiment was conducted with 20 male university students who performed a 30-min calculation task as a short-term stressor under three aroma conditions: black pepper, ginger, and dipropylene glycol (DPG) (scentless air as a control). Each aroma was sporadically delivered (first 20 s of each 1-min interval) with the olfactometer during the task. Electrocardiograms and skin conductance level (SCL) were measured to evaluate ANS's physiological acute stress response. Subjective evaluations for the given stressful task and impressions on the types of aromas were assessed. Results The physiological acute stress response induced by the short-term stressor, which is characterized by the enhancement of the heart rate (HR) and SCL and decreases in the heart rate variability (HRV), was suppressed with black pepper: the increase in HR and reduction in HRV from the baseline were 38.9% (p = 0.048 when compared with DPG) and 32.9% smaller (p = 0.002 for multiple comparisons) than those in DPG, respectively, and the increase of SCL was 15.5% smaller (p = 0.005 for multiple comparisons) than that in ginger. However, there was no significant difference in subjective scores among the conditions. Conclusion Although black pepper is a stimulative agent, the study findings showed that black pepper aroma alleviated the physiological acute stress response, which can be beneficial in aromatherapy under stressful conditions.

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The Influence of Olfactory Stimulation by Essential Oils on Salivary Alpha-Amylase Activity and State Anxiety Level

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Alleviation of the acute stress response following mild orange essential oil administration

Alleviation of the acute stress response following mild orange essential oil administration

Volatile Components of the Essential Oil of <i>Artemisia montana</i> and Their Sedative Effects

Alleviation of acute stress response by black pepper aroma administration

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