The influence of plant carbon dioxide and nutrient supply on susceptibility to insect herbivores

Lincoln, David E.

doi:10.1007/bf00048158

Cited by 57 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 57 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This fact, together with the slight increase in terpene concentration, increased the total amount of terpenes in each plant under elevated CO2. Nitrogen concentration decreased as is common in plants grown in high CO2 environments (Penuelas and Matamala, 1990;Lincoln, 1993). Thus, results tended to follow the pattern suggested by hypotheses that higher C/N ratios determine higher carbon-based secondary-compound concentrations (Bryant et al, 1983;Herms and Matson, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Effects of Carbon Dioxide, Water Supply, and Seasonality on Terpene Content and Emission by Rosmarinus officinalis

1997

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-Rosmarinus officinalis L. plants were grown under carbon dioxide concentrations of 350 and 700 jtmol/mol (atmospheric CO, and elevated CO,) and under two levels of irrigation (high water and low water) from October I, 1994 to May 31, 1996. Elevated CO, led to increasingly larger monthly growth rates than the atmospheric CO, treatments. The increase was 9.5% in spring 1995, 23% in summer 1995, and 53% in spring 1996 in the high-water treatments, whereas in low-water treatments the growth response to elevated CO, was constrained until the second year spring, when there was a 47% increase. The terpene concentration was slightly larger in the elevated CO, treatments than in atmospheric CO, treatments and reached a maximum 37% difference in spring 1996. There was no significant effect of water treatment, likely as a result of a mild low water treatment for a Mediterranean plant. Terpene concentration increased throughout the period of study, indicating possible age effects. The most abundant terpenes were a-pinene, cineole, camphor, borneol, and verbenone, which represented about 75% of the total. No significant differences were found in the terpene composition of the plants in the different treatments or seasons. The emission of volatile terpenes was much larger in spring (about 75 /ig/dry wt/hr) than in autumn (about 10 /ig/ dry wt/hr), partly because of higher temperature and partly because of seasonal effect, but no significant difference was found because of CO, or water treatment. The main terpene emitted was a-pinene, which represented about 50% of the total. There was no clear correlation between content and emission, either quantitatively or qualitatively. More volatile terpenes were proportionally more important in the total emission than in total content and in autumn than in spring.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Effects of Carbon Dioxide, Water Supply, and Seasonality on Terpene Content and Emission by Rosmarinus officinalis

1997

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…What will happen to host -pest dynamics as global warming accompanies elevated atmospheric CO 2 so that pest ranges expand to the north (Lincoln, 1993) into forests that have not previously been exposed to such pests and as additional life cycles of some insect pests increase their abundance? Kurz and Apps (1999) believe that increasing disturbance from insects, diseases, and fire in the Canadian boreal forest has resulted in this large region changing from a carbon sink to a carbon source in the past few decades.…”

Section: Heterotrophic Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of elevated atmospheric CO2 on forest trees and forest ecosystems: knowledge gaps

Karnosky

2003

Environment International

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Atmospheric CO 2 is rising rapidly, and options for slowing the CO 2 rise are politically charged as they largely require reductions in industrial CO 2 emissions for most developed countries. As forests cover some 43% of the Earth's surface, account for some 70% of terrestrial net primary production (NPP), and are being bartered for carbon mitigation, it is critically important that we continue to reduce the uncertainties about the impacts of elevated atmospheric CO 2 on forest tree growth, productivity, and forest ecosystem function. In this paper, I review knowledge gaps and research needs on the effects of elevated atmospheric CO 2 on forest above-and below-ground growth and productivity, carbon sequestration, nutrient cycling, water relations, wood quality, phenology, community dynamics and biodiversity, antioxidants and stress tolerance, interactions with air pollutants, heterotrophic interactions, and ecosystem functioning. Finally, I discuss research needs regarding modeling of the impacts of elevated atmospheric CO 2 on forests.Even though there has been a tremendous amount of research done with elevated CO 2 and forest trees, it remains difficult to predict future forest growth and productivity under elevated atmospheric CO 2 . Likewise, it is not easy to predict how forest ecosystem processes will respond to enriched CO 2 . The more we study the impacts of increasing CO 2 , the more we realize that tree and forest responses are yet largely uncertain due to differences in responsiveness by species, genotype, and functional group, and the complex interactions of elevated atmospheric CO 2 with soil fertility, drought, pests, and co-occurring atmospheric pollutants such as nitrogen deposition and O 3 . Furthermore, it is impossible to predict ecosystem-level responses based on short-term studies of young trees grown without interacting stresses and in small spaces without the element of competition. Long-term studies using free-air CO 2 enrichment (FACE) technologies or forest stands around natural CO 2 vents are needed to increase the knowledge base on forest ecosystem responses to elevated atmospheric CO 2 . In addition, new experimental protocols need to continue to be developed that will allow for mature trees to be examined in natural ecosystems. These studies should be closely linked to modeling efforts so that the inference capacity from these expensive and long-term studies can be maximized. D

show abstract

“…a doubling in the next century) will substantially alter interactions between plants and herbivores (Lincoln, 1993 ;Lindroth, 1996). For example, in studies involving several tree species, CO # -mediated shifts in leaf chemistry led to changes in the growth and feeding behaviour of gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) (Lindroth, Kinney & Platz, 1993 ;Roth & Lindroth, 1994 ;.…”

Section: Evidence Is Accumulating That Anticipated Increases In Atmosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of atmospheric CO₂ enrichment on the responses of sugar maple and trembling aspen to defoliation

1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Impacts of defoliation on the growth and physiology of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) were examined in ambient and CO # -enriched atmospheres. Saplings were grown for 70 d in controlled environments, wherein CO # mole fractions averaged either 356 µmol mol −" or 645 µmol mol −" , under a PPF of 500 µmol m −# s −" . On day 49 of the study, 50 % of the leaf area was removed from a subset of each species in both CO # environments. Relative growth rate () and its physiological and morphological determinants were monitored before and after defoliation. For non-defoliated saplings of both species, a slight stimulation of  (c. 5 %) in elevated CO # led to a modest increase (9-11 %) in final sapling weight. In the case of maple, the minimal growth response corresponded with minor CO # effects on specific leaf area () and leaf weight ratio (), and an apparent CO # -induced down-regulation of photosynthetic metabolism. For aspen, the CO # stimulation of photosynthesis was largely offset by a decrease in . Responses to defoliation differed markedly between species and CO # environments. Defoliation decreased maple  in ambient CO # , whereas the opposite occurred in elevated CO # . The latter led to complete recovery of plant weight (compensation), and was attributed to a defoliation-induced increase in carbon allocation to new leaves, along with a reversal of photosynthetic CO # acclimation in that foliage. In both environments, aspen  increased after defoliation, facilitating almost full compensation. Defoliation increased light penetration into the aspen canopy, and it was estimated that the resultant stimulation of photosynthesis in lower leaves would have more than offset the concomitant decrease in . CO # enrichment might substantially enhance the ability of certain tree species to recover from herbivory. Moreover, responses to elevated CO # might be largest in the presence of stresses, such as herbivory, that decrease plant source : sink ratios.

show abstract

The influence of plant carbon dioxide and nutrient supply on susceptibility to insect herbivores

Cited by 57 publications

References 57 publications

Effects of Carbon Dioxide, Water Supply, and Seasonality on Terpene Content and Emission by Rosmarinus officinalis

Effects of Carbon Dioxide, Water Supply, and Seasonality on Terpene Content and Emission by Rosmarinus officinalis

Impacts of elevated atmospheric CO2 on forest trees and forest ecosystems: knowledge gaps

Influences of atmospheric CO₂ enrichment on the responses of sugar maple and trembling aspen to defoliation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

The influence of plant carbon dioxide and nutrient supply on susceptibility to insect herbivores

Cited by 57 publications

References 57 publications

Effects of Carbon Dioxide, Water Supply, and Seasonality on Terpene Content and Emission by Rosmarinus officinalis

Effects of Carbon Dioxide, Water Supply, and Seasonality on Terpene Content and Emission by Rosmarinus officinalis

Impacts of elevated atmospheric CO2 on forest trees and forest ecosystems: knowledge gaps

Influences of atmospheric CO2 enrichment on the responses of sugar maple and trembling aspen to defoliation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Influences of atmospheric CO₂ enrichment on the responses of sugar maple and trembling aspen to defoliation