The influence of pre-existing rib fractures on Global Human Body Models Consortium thorax response in frontal and oblique impact

Zaseck, Lauren Wood; Chen, Cong; Hu, Jingwen; Reed, Matthew P.; Rupp, Jonathan D.

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.01.010

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In this study, the validated sternum, costal cartilages, and thoracic spine were integrated into the thorax model. The geometry and material properties of the ribs in the current thorax model were not changed since they were already validated in previous studies (Li et al, 2010;Poulard et al, 2015;Guleyupoglu et al, 2017;Zaseck et al, 2018). The quasi-static point loading of the eviscerated ribcage (Kindig et al, 2010) was utilized in this work to evaluate the ribcage model response with updated compoments.…”

Section: Ribcage and Full Thorax Levels Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several experimental setups were accurately replicated to simulate the axial compression of clavicle, bending testing of clavicle and sternum, and cantilever-beam like bending testing of costal cartilages. The bone behavior of the ribs was not included here since they were already well investigated in previous studies (Li et al, 2010;Poulard et al, 2015;Zaseck et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation and Validation of Thorax Model Responses: A Hierarchical Approach to Achieve High Biofidelity for Thoracic Musculoskeletal System

Mukherjee

Caudillo

Forman

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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As one of the most frequently occurring injuries, thoracic trauma is a significant public health burden occurring in road traffic crashes, sports accidents, and military events. The biomechanics of the human thorax under impact loading can be investigated by computational finite element (FE) models, which are capable of predicting complex thoracic responses and injury outcomes quantitatively. One of the key challenges for developing a biofidelic FE model involves model evaluation and validation. In this work, the biofidelity of a mid-sized male thorax model has been evaluated and enhanced by a multi-level, hierarchical strategy of validation, focusing on injury characteristics, and model improvement of the thoracic musculoskeletal system. At the component level, the biomechanical responses of several major thoracic load-bearing structures were validated against different relevant experimental cases in the literature, including the thoracic intervertebral joints, costovertebral joints, clavicle, sternum, and costal cartilages. As an example, the thoracic spine was improved by accurate representation of the components, material properties, and ligament failure features at tissue level then validated based on the quasi-static response at the segment level, flexion bending response at the functional spinal unit level, and extension angle of the whole thoracic spine. At ribcage and full thorax levels, the thorax model with validated bony components was evaluated by a series of experimental testing cases. The validation responses were rated above 0.76, as assessed by the CORA evaluation system, indicating the model exhibited overall good biofidelity. At both component and full thorax levels, the model showed good computational stability, and reasonable agreement with the experimental data both qualitatively and quantitatively. It is expected that our validated thorax model can predict thorax behavior with high biofidelity to assess injury risk and investigate injury mechanisms of the thoracic musculoskeletal system in various impact scenarios. The relevant validation cases established in this study shall be directly used for future evaluation of other thorax models, and the validation approach and process presented here may provide an insightful framework toward multi-level validating of human body models.

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Section: Ribcage and Full Thorax Levels Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation and Validation of Thorax Model Responses: A Hierarchical Approach to Achieve High Biofidelity for Thoracic Musculoskeletal System

Mukherjee

Caudillo

Forman

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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show abstract

“…Perez-Rapela et al 8 compared the results of the PMHS experiment with the World SID dummy experiment, and he pointed out that the World SID dummy could not reproduce the results of the PMHS experiment. Zaseck et al 9 found that if the number of the PMHS rib fractures exceeds six, the experimental results will be very inaccurate. Most of the above-mentioned studies are focused on a specific impact angle, as well as evaluate occupant’s chest injury by only one or two injury parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on characteristics of occupant’s chest responses in oblique impact

Xiao

Hou

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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The oblique impact is the second most common frontal impact, in which both the forward and lateral accelerations are applied to the occupant. It is noticed that the oblique impact is a primary source of serious injuries, in which the chest injuries are mostly fatal through the statistics of traffic accidents. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of the occupant’s chest injury in the frontal oblique impact. First, a model with a sled and a Test Human Occupant Restraint (THOR) dummy is established. Second, an acceleration curve with a peak of 9.0 g is applied to the sled. Then 11 sets of simulations with different impact angles and belt peak loads are conducted to evaluate the occupant’s chest responses. Results indicate that there is a negative correlation between belt peak force and injury outcomes, while there is a weak correlation between chest injury and impact angle. With the increase of the belt force limit, the chest deflection at Lower Left (LL) would increase by 37.9%, and the acceleration at LL would increase by 23.1%. Meanwhile, the Viscous Criterion (VC) at LL would increase by 61.4%. However, the relationship between the impact angle and injury drawn by VC and acceleration is inconsistent. Additionally, in all simulations, the maximum deflections are captured at the LL, while the maximum VCs happens at Upper Right (UR) or LL. It is demonstrated that a seatbelt with a lower peak force is friendly to the occupant’s chest under all the impact angles. This study can provide a reference to the study of chest injury in the oblique impact.

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Validated thoracic vertebrae and costovertebral joints increase biofidelity of a human body model in hub impacts

Aira

Guleyupoglu²,

Jones

et al. 2019

Traffic Injury Prevention

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The influence of pre-existing rib fractures on Global Human Body Models Consortium thorax response in frontal and oblique impact

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Evaluation and Validation of Thorax Model Responses: A Hierarchical Approach to Achieve High Biofidelity for Thoracic Musculoskeletal System

Evaluation and Validation of Thorax Model Responses: A Hierarchical Approach to Achieve High Biofidelity for Thoracic Musculoskeletal System

Research on characteristics of occupant’s chest responses in oblique impact

Validated thoracic vertebrae and costovertebral joints increase biofidelity of a human body model in hub impacts

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