The interleukin-6 and interleukin-1A gene promoter polymorphism is associated with the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris

Abstract

Acne vulgaris is a skin disorder with a complex pathogenesis. Better treatment strategies require comprehensive knowledge of molecular factors contributing to the acne pathophysiology. Recent studies are focused on investigating the influence of inflammatory cytokines on the disease. This case-control study investigated the association of IL-6-572 G/C and IL-1A-889 C/T gene polymorphisms with acne in a Pakistani population. Pakistani subjects (380 healthy controls and 430 acne patients) were enrolled in this study. Polymorphism in the promoter region of IL-6-572 and IL-1A-889 was determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. The IL-6-572 and IL-1A-889 variant genotypes were significantly associated with the acne pathogenesis. The IL-6-572C and the IL-1A-889T alleles were significantly high in the patient vs. control group (p < 0.0001 for both loci). The IL-6-572 G/C and IL-1A-889 C/T variant allele haplotypes showed significantly high prevalence in patients with acne; G-T (P = 0.0014), C-C (P < 0.0001), and C-T (P < 0.0001). This is the first report on the association between the IL-6-572 G/C polymorphism and acne among any population. The IL-1A-889 C/T polymorphism is also significantly linked with acne in the study population; the -889 C/T association with acne has been reported in one ethnic group previously. Our findings suggest that the IL-6-572C and IL-1A-889T alleles may contribute to the pathogenesis of acne in a Pakistani population. Further studies are required to verify these findings in other populations.

IL1A (‐889) gene polymorphism is associated with the effect of diet as a risk factor in Acne Vulgaris

“…A significant difference was observed in the distributions of IL‐1A genotypes (CC, CT, and TT) in AV patients and control subjects. This is in agreement with Sobjanek et al and Younis & Javed, who confirmed the same association in Pakistani and Polish populations, respectively. The T allele (mutant allele) at this position is associated with a fourfold increase in IL‐1A expression .…”

“…Moreover, the TT genotype of IL‐1A (−889C/T) polymorphism significantly increased the transcriptional activity of IL‐1A gene compared with the CC genotype . In fact, the frequency of T allele and TT genotype in acne vulgaris patients was higher than that in the control subjects group in our study and in the Sobjanek et al and Younis & Javed studies too. This suggests that the TT genotype in IL‐1A is linked with increased risk for developing acne vulgaris.…”

“…This finding suggests a protective role of this genotype regarding acne vulgaris pathogenesis. In contrast, Younis & Javed, reported a higher frequency of this genotype in the patients group. This inconsistency between findings may be attributed to the larger sample size in Younis & Javed, study (430 acne vulgaris patients and 380 control subjects), the ethnic variations and the difference in geno‐environmental interaction.…”

Photodynamic therapy inhibit Fibroblast Growth Factor-10 induced keratinocyte differentiation and proliferation through ROS in Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor-2b pathway

“…Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory IL1α have been detected in most open comedones of acne vulgaris2829. External treatment with the IL1α protein leads to hyperproliferation and abnormal differentiation in isolated pilosebaceous units in vitro 3031.…”

Pleiotropic Effects of White Willow Bark and 1,2-Decanediol on Human Adult Keratinocytes

“…However, there are relatively few studies on IL-6 gene polymorphism in acne patients. It has recently been reported that the IL-6 and IL-1α gene promoter polymorphisms are associated with the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris [35]. IL-1α has been widely studied in inflammation and is considered to affect the pathogenesis of acne [36]; it also contributes to paracrine signaling between keratinocytes and fibroblasts during wound healing.…”