The invasive shrub European buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica, L.) alters soil properties in Midwestern U.S. woodlands

Heneghan, Liam; Fatemi, Farrah R.; Umek, Lauren; Grady, Kevin C.; Fagen, Kristen; Workman, Margaret

doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.009

Cited by 92 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…2 and 3). Positive correlations between soil nutrient concentrations and invasive plant abundance, including Tartarian honeysuckle, have been found elsewhere (Woods 1993;Howard et al 2004;Heneghan et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

The association of two invasive shrubs, common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica) and Tartarian honeysuckle (Lonicera tatarica), with oak communities in the midwestern United States

2011

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Oak forests throughout North America are declining due to changes in disturbance regimes that have led to increased competition from other tree and shrub species. We evaluated associations between oak regeneration, the occurrence of two common invasive shrubs (common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica L.) and Tartarian honeysuckle (Lonicera tatarica L.)), and forest edges in oak forests in a portion of the midwestern United States where bur (Quercus macrocarpa Michx.), red (Quercus rubra L.), and white oak (Quercus alba L.) were historically dominant. We found poor recruitment of oaks in comparison to other, more shade-tolerant tree species. Results further revealed a strong stand-scale association between bur oak, open canopy conditions, high soil nutrient levels, and the presence of common buckthorn and Tartarian honeysuckle; these same site characteristics were disassociated with red and white oak. Within red and white oak stands, however, the presence of the invasive shrubs was more pronounced near forest edges. While oak recruitment is hampered throughout stands, our research suggests that predominant constraints may vary based on soil and light gradients found along forest edges. RightsWorks produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted.This article is available at Iowa State University Digital Repository: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/nrem_pubs/148The association of two invasive shrubs, common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica) and Tartarian honeysuckle (Lonicera tatarica), with oak communities in the midwestern United States Lisa A. Schulte, Erik C. Mottl, and Brian J. Palik Abstract: Oak forests throughout North America are declining due to changes in disturbance regimes that have led to increased competition from other tree and shrub species. We evaluated associations between oak regeneration, the occurrence of two common invasive shrubs (common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica L.) and Tartarian honeysuckle (Lonicera tatarica L.)), and forest edges in oak forests in a portion of the midwestern United States where bur (Quercus macrocarpa Michx.), red (Quercus rubra L.), and white oak (Quercus alba L.) were historically dominant. We found poor recruitment of oaks in comparison to other, more shade-tolerant tree species. Results further revealed a strong stand-scale association between bur oak, open canopy conditions, high soil nutrient levels, and the presence of common buckthorn and Tartarian honeysuckle; these same site characteristics were disassociated with red and white oak. Within red and white oak stands, however, the presence of the invasive shrubs was more pronounced near forest edges. While oak recruitment is hampered throughout stands, our research suggests that predominant constraints may vary based on soil and light gradients found along forest edges.Résumé : Les forêts de chêne dépérissent, partout en Amérique du Nord, à cause de changements dans les régimes de perturbation qui ont e...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

The association of two invasive shrubs, common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica) and Tartarian honeysuckle (Lonicera tatarica), with oak communities in the midwestern United States

2011

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“…In Canada, R. cathartica is commonly found on clay or loam soils, often those derived from limestone. Stewart and James (1969) Soils under R. cathartica had higher percentages of N and C, modified nitrogen mineralization rates, elevated pH and gravimetric water content and modified microbial communities (Heneghan et al 2002;Heneghan et al 2006). These authors suggested that R. cathartica is altering ecosystems, creating a legacy effect that will require reassessed management strategies.…”

Section: Habitatmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biology of Canadian weeds. 139. Rhamnus cathartica L.

Qaderi

Clements²,

Cavers³

2009

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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European buckthorn, Rhamnus cathartica L., is an introduced shrub or small tree of forests, thickets, open pastures, hedgerows, roadsides, and riparian habitats. In Canada, it is found from Alberta east to the Maritimes, but is absent from Newfoundland. It is particularly abundant in southern Ontario. Problems arise from its status as an alternate host for the fungi Puccinia coronata Corda. f. sp. avenae Eriks., which causes crown rust and leaf rust of oats and for Puccinia coronata var. hordei Jin & Steff., which causes crown rust of barley. It is also the overwintering host for the recently invasive soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura, which has been described as a serious threat to soybean production in North America. Prolific fruit production, in combination with extensive seedling establishment and shade tolerance, allows R. cathartica to dominate an understorey quickly. Its ability to tolerate a wide range of conditions, at least in fairly moist areas, may lead to further expansion of its Canadian range. Control strategies should focus on reducing populations in close proximity to oats, soybeans or barley and to reduce its abundance in areas of ecological importance. Key words: Rhamnus cathartica, European buckthorn, Puccinia coronata, soybean aphid, weed biology

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Section: Ecosystem Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rhamnus cathartica (common buckthorn) alters forest structure by increasing woody stem density, shade, decomposition, and nitrogen turnover (Mascaro and Schnitzer, 2007). Additionally, native species restoration may be difficult even with the removal of exotic invasive species because of lingering ecosystem effects (Heneghan et al, 2006;MacDougall and Turkington, 2005;Sullivan et al, 2007).Disturbances, such as in agricultural fields, urban areas, roads, and fragmented habitats, can facilitate invasion by promoting the growth of invasive species (Aragon and Morales, 2003;Butler et al, 2014;Gaertner et al, 2009;Kota et al, 2007;Kuhman et al, 2011;Mosher et al, 2009;Yoshida and Oka, 2004). Additionally, invasion can affect succession after disturbance (Kuhman et al, 2011;Yoshida and Oka, 2004), potentially altering the trajectory, rate, species composition, species richness, future disturbance regimes, and nutrient cycling during succession (Grau et al, 1997;Leicht-Young et al, 2009;Simberloff, 2010;Sullivan et al, 2007;Yoshida and Oka, 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various Rhamnus species can alter forest structure by affecting woody seedling or stem density, herbaceous species cover, and canopy openness by inhibiting germination and growth of native saplings (Frappier et al, 2003;Mascaro and Schnitzer, 2007). Rhamnus species can also have effects outside of the plant community by affecting earthworms, insects, and soil microbes through changing litter decomposition rates and soil properties, and by affecting birds due to changes in the availability and nutritional quality of their food (Heimpel et al, 2010;Heneghan et al, 2006;Knight et al, 2007). …”

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confidence: 99%

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Assessing the Role of Invasive Species in Successional Plant Communities Using Hyperspectral Remote Sensing

Aneece¹

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I AbstractBiodiversity has been correlated with ecosystem stability and function. Invasive species can decrease biodiversity and cause ecological and economical damage. These species are especially prevalent in abandoned agricultural fields, and can disrupt secondary successional dynamics. Although field surveys are used to assess the impacts of these species, remote sensing can be more efficient, especially at large spatial extents. I examined the ability to use ground-level hyperspectral remote sensing to study invasive species and their effects on community properties at the Blandy Experimental Farm (BEF) in north-central Virginia. Their effects on ecosystem properties could not be assessed using ground-level remote sensing in this system; thus, I used leaf and soil measurements to assess their effects on secondary succession.I found that remote sensing can be used to differentiate among plant communities.The most influential species to community discriminability are considered invasive, suggesting that these species can strongly influence species compositions and other community properties. The most influential wavelengths for discrimination were distributed throughout the spectral profile and corresponded with plant physiological and structural elements.Thus, spectral differences across species were large enough to be used in aggregate to differentiate plant communities. Additionally, these differences were large enough to differentiate individual species, but discriminability varied by species. The two thistle species that are similar phylogenetically and structurally were readily distinguished amongst each other. However, the shrubby buckthorn was difficult to distinguish from the oriental bittersweet vine despite phylogenetic distance and differences in structure. This was likely due to physical overlap in the field and thus the difficulty in obtaining pure signatures for discrimination. Discriminability also differed by the spectral region examined. Buckthorn and oriental bittersweet were least discriminable in the 550-599 nm and 650-699 nm regions, due 2 to greater intraspecific variability of spectral data in these regions.Additionally, remote sensing can be used to estimate higher order community properties like species diversity, and thus assess the effects of invasive species on plant diversity.However, correlations between species diversity and spectral diversity varied by the spectral transformation technique used and the spectral region examined. There was a strong positive correlation between the two in the visible region when band depth was used and in the near-infrared region when first derivatives were used. There were no strong correlations in the red edge, due to high intraspecific variability in chlorophyll content.Lastly, I assessed the effects of these exotic invasive species on ecosystem properties, specifically secondary succession, using leaf and soil data. Differences in soil characteristics were larger across fields and stages than across species. However, there were species-level ...

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The invasive shrub European buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica, L.) alters soil properties in Midwestern U.S. woodlands

Cited by 92 publications

References 17 publications

The association of two invasive shrubs, common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica) and Tartarian honeysuckle (Lonicera tatarica), with oak communities in the midwestern United States

The association of two invasive shrubs, common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica) and Tartarian honeysuckle (Lonicera tatarica), with oak communities in the midwestern United States

The biology of Canadian weeds. 139. Rhamnus cathartica L.

Assessing the Role of Invasive Species in Successional Plant Communities Using Hyperspectral Remote Sensing

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