The late prehistory of xinjiang in relation to its neighbors

Characterization of dyestuffs in ancient textiles from Xinjiang

“…It is not certain at this stage as to what archaeological culture the site of Zaghunluq belongs, though it may be derived from the earlier eastern Tarim Gumuguo culture (Chen and Hiebert, 1995). There is a broad range of dates within these three groups of excavated burials, from as early as 1400 BC down to the Western Han period of ca.…”

Multiregional Emergence of Mobile Pastoralism and Nonuniform Institutional Complexity across Eurasia

“…Nevertheless, current archaeology from the region suggests that a significant interaction network of both pastoralists and nonpastoralists was fostering complex institutional ties throughout the mountains (and across Eurasia more generally), beginning in the late fourth and third millennia BC (Chen and Hiebert 1995). Although beyond the geographic scope considered here, the IAMC may also have been a key conduit for Bronze Age developments farther into east Asia and Mongolia.…”

“…Newly converging lines of evidence suggest that pastoralist communities living throughout the IAMC were more interconnected than the "barrier model" might imply (Chen and Hiebert 1995). For example, recent genetic analyses of a wide distribution of wild and domestic sheep across Eurasia demonstrate that wild-sheep species from southeastern Kazakhstan are genetically distinct from other Eurasian wild sheep but that domestic sheep from this region are genetically homogeneous with those found in southern central Asia, namely, Tajikistan (Hiendleder et al 2002).…”

Genes, language, and culture: an example from the tarim basin

“…As a result, we must focus on other finds for an archaeological synthesis. While a full review of the archaeological literature on the Xinjiang Province is unnecessary in light of the excellent treatises presented by Debaine‐Francfort (1988), Mu (1992), Chen and Hiebert (1995), Wang (1996, 2001) and in the collection of papers edited by Mair (1998a), a brief summary of a few Bronze and Iron Age material cultures is essential to understanding many of the more controversial claims made about the history of the Tarim Basin.…”