The Maudsley early onset schizophrenia study

Vyas, Nora S.; Hadjulis, Michael; Vourdas, Apostolos; Byrne, Patrick J.; Frangou, Sophia

doi:10.1007/s00787-007-0621-4

Cited by 66 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Early onset psychosis is defined as those psychoses in which symptoms appear before 18 years of age. Despite the fact that this condition is not rare among psychotic disorders, as one-third of cases of schizophrenia start before the age of 18 [7,11,42], very few studies address this population [3,19,27,34,45]. This may be due to a variety of different reasons, such as ethical concerns about research in paediatric populations, difficulties in recruitment, or less interest in these conditions on the part of child and adolescent psychiatrists.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychological functioning in adolescents with first episode psychosis: A two-year follow-up study

et al. 2008

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Cognitive deficits are a core feature of psychotic disorders. Both in adult and adolescent populations, studies have shown that patients with psychosis have poorer cognitive functioning than controls. The cognitive domains that seem to be affected are mainly attention, working memory, learning and memory, and executive function. However, with regard to the trajectory of cognitive function throughout the illness, there is still a dearth of prospective data in patients who develop psychosis during adolescence. In this article, neuropsychological functioning was assessed in a sample of 24 first episodes of early onset psychosis (EOP) and 29 healthy adolescents at baseline and after a two-year follow-up. Patients with EOP showed lower scores than controls in overall cognitive functioning and in all specific domains assessed (attention, working memory, executive function, and learning and memory) both at baseline and the two-year follow-up. When changes in cognitive functioning over two years were assessed, patients and controls showed significant improvement in almost all cognitive domains. However, this improvement disappeared in the patient group after controlling for improvement in symptomatology. Our findings support a neurodevelopmental pathological process in this sample of adolescents with psychosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychological functioning in adolescents with first episode psychosis: A two-year follow-up study

et al. 2008

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“…Negative symptoms in adults are associated with chronic course [25], lower probability of remission or recovery [26,27] and poor outcome [28,29]. In early-onset psychosis, negative symptoms during 2 years of follow-up are associated with non-remittent illness course and worse outcome [30], as well as with worse social adaptation [31]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which Aspects of Long-Term Outcome Are Predicted by Positive and Negative Symptoms in Early-Onset Psychosis? An Exploratory Eight-Year Follow-Up Study

et al. 2014

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Background: Early-onset psychoses show substantial variability of diagnostic and functional outcome. Finding reliable prognostic factors may allow to allocate resources to those with the worst prognosis. The aim of the study was to gain new insights regarding the potential value of baseline negative and positive symptoms as predictors of outcome in psychoses of early onset. Method: Sixty-three patients with early-onset schizophrenia spectrum psychosis hospitalized in an adolescent psychiatry unit were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale during the index admission. Associations with diagnosis, illness course and functional outcome were analysed in mean 8 years of follow-up (range 3.4-13.5 years). Results: The mean age at the index admission and the follow-up was 16.6 ± 1.2 and 24.5 ± 3.0 years, respectively. A significant majority of subjects continued psychiatric treatment (95%) and had been readmitted (71%). The mortality rate was 3% (suicide and accident). Negative symptoms were related to mental health service utilization during the follow-up. General severity of symptoms, specifically positive and cognitive factors were associated with the diagnosis of schizophrenia and inversely with diagnostic shift outside the schizophrenia spectrum at the catamnesis. Poor impulse control at baseline was associated with worse functional outcome. The drug-free subgroup with no occupational/educational activity compared with the drug-treated subjects showed lower levels of baseline negative symptomatology. Conclusion: The study findings suggest that in patients with early-onset psychosis negative and positive symptoms show a differential prognostic value. Pharmacotherapy may attenuate the effect of symptoms on functional outcome. These hypotheses need to be tested in future studies using confirmatory approaches.

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“…Adolescents with schizophrenia generally have deficits in executive functions in comparison with the healthy population (Kenny et al, 1997; Rapoport and Gogtay, 2011; Ueland et al, 2004), which are associated with ‘psychotic-like experiences’ (Blair et al, 2018). Furthermore, younger age at disorder onset has been correlated with more severe cognitive deficits (Rajji et al, 2009; Vyas et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social skills, executive functioning and social engagement

Madjar

Chubarov

Zalsman

et al. 2019

Schizophrenia Research: Cognition

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The study explored hypothesized mediation of social interaction skills between executive functions and social engagement among adolescents diagnosed with schizophrenia. Participants ( N = 92; 62% boys; age = 16.8) were assessed four weeks after hospitalization using previously validated scales. A regression mediation analysis followed by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM; with bootstrap analysis) supported the hypothesis. Executive functions were significantly associated with communication skills, which in turn was associated with social engagement (indirect effect = 0.29; standardized). These findings highlight the importance of understanding the heterogeneity of executive functions among adolescent patients with schizophrenia, and the subsequent association with their social skills and engagement.

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The Maudsley early onset schizophrenia study

Abstract: Poor childhood function is the most significant predictor of outcome in EOS.

Cited by 66 publications

References 39 publications

Neuropsychological functioning in adolescents with first episode psychosis: A two-year follow-up study

Neuropsychological functioning in adolescents with first episode psychosis: A two-year follow-up study

Which Aspects of Long-Term Outcome Are Predicted by Positive and Negative Symptoms in Early-Onset Psychosis? An Exploratory Eight-Year Follow-Up Study

Social skills, executive functioning and social engagement

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