The medial dorsal nucleus is one of the thalamic relays of the cerebellocerebral responses to the frontal association cortex in the monkey: horseradish peroxidase and fluorescent dye double staining study

Yamamoto, Tetsuro; Yoshida, Kazunori; Yoshikawa, Hiroyuki; Kishimoto, Yuka; Oka, Hiroshi

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)90067-j

Cited by 98 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This thalamic region was believed to project exclusively upon a single cortical area, the primary motor cortex. It is now apparent that cerebellar projections to the thalamus are not limited to a single region of ventrolateral thalamus, but target other thalamic nuclei as well (Yamamoto et al 1992; Fig. 3 Number of HRP-labelled neurones per unit area in the cerebellar nuclei, subsequent to HRP injections into the RNT 1.8 mm caudal to bregma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cerebral cortex is directly influenced by the output of the cerebellum via the thalamus to multiple cortical areas including frontal eye fields, premotor, prefrontal, primary motor, supplementary motor, frontal association and parietal cortices (Hendry et al 1979;Yamamoto et al 1992;Lynch et al 1994;Middleton & Strick, 1994;Rouiller et al 1994). Additionally, investigations have demonstrated involvement of the cerebellum in visceral, cognitive, behavioural functions and memory (Whiteside & Snider, 1953;Albe-Fessard et al 1985;Gonzalo & Leichnetz, 1990;Nixon & Passingham, 1990;Schmahmann & Pandya, 1997;Middleton & Strick, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cerebellar inputs are relayed via the thalamus to the appropriate cortical area (Hendry et al 1979;Yamamoto et al 1992;Lynch et al 1994;Middleton & Strick, 1994;Rouiller et al 1994). However, cerebellar connections with the RNT have received little attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cerebellar connections to the rostral reticular nucleus of the thalamus in the rat

Çavdar¹,

Onat

Yananlı

et al. 2002

Journal of Anatomy

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We studied the cerebellar connections to the reticular nucleus thalamus (RNT) by means of retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in the rat. Specific HRP pressure injections to the rostral RNT (1.6-1.8 mm caudal to bregma) resulted in retrograde labelling of neurones in the cerebellar nuclei. The rostral RNT showed specific topographical organization of its cerebellar connections. Microinjections into the rostral RNT, 1.6 mm caudal to bregma, produced numerous HRP-labelled neurones within the anterior interposed (emboliform nucleus) and scarce HRP-labelled neurones within the lateral (dentate nucleus) cerebellar nuclei, whereas injections into the rostral RNT, 1.8 mm caudal to bregma, produced numerous HRP-labelled neurones within the posterior interposed (globose nucleus) and scarce lightly HRP-labelled neurones within the lateral (dentate nucleus) cerebellar nuclei.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cerebellar connections to the rostral reticular nucleus of the thalamus in the rat

Çavdar¹,

Onat

Yananlı

et al. 2002

Journal of Anatomy

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“…The differentiation of MDpl and CL has been assessed to be very difficult (Jones 2007;Mai and Forutan 2012). Furthermore, cerebellar projections to MDpl were also found (Ilinsky and Kultas-Ilinsky 1987;Yamamoto et al 1992;Sakai et al 1996). Some overlap in the region of CL and MDpl is, therefore, likely.…”

Section: Il and MDmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anatomical studies in rats (Haroian et al 1981;Gerfen et al 1982), cats (Ono and Niimi 1986), dogs (Person et al 1986), and primates Stanton 1980;Asanuma et al 1983a;Ilinsky et al 1985;Ilinsky and Kultas-Ilinsky 1987;Yamamoto et al 1992;Percheron et al 1996) provide evidence that indicates substantial projections arising from these structures. In cats, these projections were described to be arranged in a complementary fashion with cerebellar projections being located posteriorly and those arising from SNr anteriorly (Ono and Niimi 1986).…”

Section: MDmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thalamic interactions of cerebellum and basal ganglia

2017

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Cerebellum and basal ganglia are reciprocally interconnected with the neocortex via oligosynaptic loops. The signal pathways of these loops predominantly converge in motor areas of the frontal cortex and are mainly segregated on subcortical level. Recent evidence, however, indicates subcortical interaction of these systems. We have reviewed literature that addresses the question whether, and to what extent, projections of main output nuclei of basal ganglia (reticular part of the substantia nigra, internal segment of the globus pallidus) and cerebellum (deep cerebellar nuclei) interact with each other in the thalamus. To this end, we compiled data from electrophysiological and anatomical studies in rats, cats, dogs, and non-human primates. Evidence suggests the existence of convergence of thalamic projections originating in basal ganglia and cerebellum, albeit sparse and restricted to certain regions. Four regions come into question to contain converging inputs: (1) lateral parts of medial dorsal nucleus (MD); (2) parts of anterior intralaminar nuclei and centromedian and parafascicular nuclei (CM/Pf); (3) ventromedial nucleus (VM); and (4) border regions of cerebellar and ganglia terminal territories in ventral anterior and ventral lateral nuclei (VA-VL). The amount of convergences was found to exhibit marked interspecies differences. To explain the rather sparse convergences of projection territories and to estimate their physiological relevance, we present two conceivable principles of anatomical organization: (1) a "core-and-shell" organization, in which a central core is exclusive to one projection system, while peripheral shell regions intermingle and occasionally converge with other projection systems and (2) convergences that are characteristic to distinct functional networks. The physiological relevance of these convergences is not yet clear. An oculomotor network proposed in this work is an interesting candidate to examine potential ganglia and cerebellar subcortical interactions.

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Thalamic input to mesial and superior area 6 in the macaque monkey

1996

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The aim of the present study was to define the origin of the thalamocortical projections to each of the mesial and superior area 6 areas. To this purpose, restricted injections of neuronal tracers were made into areas F3, F6, F2, and F7 after physiological identification of the injection sites. The results showed that each of these areas receives afferents from a set of thalamic nuclei and that this set differs, qualitatively and quantitatively, according to the injected area. The main inputs to F3 [supplementary motor area properly defined (SMA-proper)] originate in the nuclei ventral lateral, pars oralis (VLo), ventral posterior lateral, pars oralis (VPLo), and ventral lateral, pars caudalis (VLc) as well as in caudal parts of the VPLo and VLc (VPLo/VLc complex). F6 (pre-SMA) is mainly the target of nucleus ventral anterior, pars parvocellularis (VApc), and area X of Olszewski. The input to F2 originates mainly in the VPLo/VLc complex, in VLc, and in VLo. The dorsal part of F7 (supplementary eye field) mainly receives from area X, VApc, and nucleus ventral anterior, pars magnocellularis (VAmc), whereas the ventral F7 is connected with VApc, area X, VLc, and the VPLo/VLc complex. All of the injected areas receive a strong projection from the medial dorsal nucleus (MD). It is concluded that each cortical area is a target of both cerebellar and basal ganglia circuits. F3 and F2 are targets of the so-called "motor" basal ganglia circuit and a cerebellar circuit originating in dorsorostral sectors of dentate and interpositus nuclei. In contrast, F6 and ventral F7 receive a basal ganglia input mainly from the so-called "complex" circuit and a cerebellar input originating in the ventrocaudal sectors of dentate and interpositus nuclei. Finally, with respect to the rest of F7, dorsal F7 also receives a basal ganglia input from the "oculomotor circuit."

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The medial dorsal nucleus is one of the thalamic relays of the cerebellocerebral responses to the frontal association cortex in the monkey: horseradish peroxidase and fluorescent dye double staining study

Cited by 98 publications

References 24 publications

Cerebellar connections to the rostral reticular nucleus of the thalamus in the rat

Cerebellar connections to the rostral reticular nucleus of the thalamus in the rat

Thalamic interactions of cerebellum and basal ganglia

Thalamic input to mesial and superior area 6 in the macaque monkey

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