The Middle-Income Trap: Is There a Way Out for Asian Countries?

Lubis, Raisal Fahrozi; Saputra, Putu Mahardika Adi

doi:10.22146/jieb.10316

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Humans have different abilities and potentials, hence the need to develop their ability and potential. Research conducted by Salazar-Acosta (2006), Lubis and Saputra (2015), Abedullah and Mushtaq (2007) and Adojutelegan et al (2015) also obtained the results of research that labor has a positive and significant effect on production. Ng’ombe and Kalinda (2015), as well as research conducted by Ho et al (2014), stated that labor is the most influential factor in production.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 83%

Empowering small industry of wood carving handicraft in Bangli district

Marhaeni

Yuliarmi

Setiawina

2019

APJIE

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of social capital on human capital; the effect of social capital on transaction costs; the influence of social capital, human capital and transaction costs on empowerment; the indirect effect of social capital on empowerment through human capital; and the indirect effect of social capital on empowerment through transaction costs in Bangli Regency. Design/methodology/approach The population in this research is all wood carving business in Bangli Regency, in all districts some 366 business units. The number of respondents surveyed were 191 business units in all sub-districts. The sampling technique used is stratified random sampling, with strata of business area. Inferential analysis is preceded by using factor analysis techniques to obtain factor scores on each latent variable, followed by path analysis to answer the research objectives. Finding Based on the analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: social capital has a positive and significant impact on human resources; positive social capital and significant positive to transaction costs; social capital and human resources have a positive and significant effect while transaction costs and no significant positive effect on empowerment; human resources partially mediate the influence of social capital on empowerment; and transaction costs do not act as a variable, mediating the influence of social capital on empowering small woodcraft industry in Bangli Regency. Originality/value This study is one of the few to investigate the role of social capital, human capital and transaction cost on empowerment of small industries, especially wood carving in Bangli District. This small woodcraft industry is famous for its uniqueness that characterizes Balinese carving ornaments. But lately, the productivity of handicrafts wood carving, especially in Bangli District, fluctuates tend to decline. Social capital, in addition to human capital and technology, also plays an important role in the production process. Social capital equals other physical capital and can increase productivity and economic efficiency. Higher social capital owned by individuals or groups can reduce transaction costs; thus economic activity can run efficiently. Social capital is the information, trust and norms of reciprocity inherent in social networks.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 83%

Empowering small industry of wood carving handicraft in Bangli district

Marhaeni

Yuliarmi

Setiawina

2019

APJIE

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“…Therefore a community must empower and invest resources for women to produce significant development impacts (Todaro & Smith, 2013). Lubis & Saputra (2015) argue that developing countries in Asia including Indonesia should maximize their main/key sectors, to takeadvantage of the resources at their disposal.Research which is conducted In Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, and South Africa, it was found that there are obstacles for women in entrepreneurship, namely; (1) Laws, customs, traditions, culture and religion (2) marital status (3) heavy housework (4) limited education, knowledge and information (5) limited funds as capital and access to credit (6) Ganesan, Kaur & Maheshwari, 2002;Sharma, 2013;Tambunan, 2008 ;Tambunan, 2009).These constraints lead to a tendency for women to choose business fields that do not require high skills and large capital, simple technology and easy to manage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Capital, Joint Responsibility Systems, And Empowerment Of Women In Msmes : A Conceptual Framework

Yudiastuti

Pratikto

Sopiah

2021

International Journal of Science, Technology & Management

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Empowering women, especially in entrepreneurship, is often faced with limited accessibility, especially in meeting capital through loans at formal financial institutions and structural constraints in their environment. Women's cooperatives are a bridge to overcome the problem of women's entrepreneurial capital to increase their business, because basically woman have potential in its business activities. Social capital that has elements of Trust, Network and norms attached to women's personalities will be a guarantee in obtaining loans with a joint responsibility system. The opportunity to develop a business through social capital and joint responsibility has an impact on opening up opportunities to empower micro, small and medium entreprise (MSMEs) business actors to further increase their business and continue to be in a sustainable entrepreneurial position.Sustainable Entrepreneurship for female entrepreneurs offers women professional development and limited flexibility to balance work and family commitments.

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“…Indonesia has several challenges to achieving sustainable development. First, Indonesia has entered into the middle-income trap (Lubis & Saputra, 2016). Basri et al (2016) stated that the Indonesian economy has shown remarkable progress in the last four decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, there is a problem with a low-educated workforce. A country's per capita income can be improved by increasing government expenditure, investment spending, high technology exports, and human capital (Lubis & Saputra, 2016). Compared to most middleincome countries, Indonesia is left behind in building its human resource stock (Basri et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship of Education and Regional Income Level on Environmental Quality: Empirical Evidence from High Populated Country

Adrian

Khoirunurrofik

2021

JWL

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Indonesia is committed to implementing a sustainable development agenda by considering its quality and maintaining economic growth by improving public education and regional income. This study aims to estimate the relationship between education and regional income level with the environmental quality of Indonesian provinces. By applying the descriptive analysis and panel data regression, it is observed that regions with a high-level level of education and income are likely to have low environmental quality, which shows that education level has a negative relationship with environmental quality. In contrast, income level has no relationship with environmental quality. The empirical estimation revealed that higher education and regional income correlate with a lower level of environmental quality. It implied that the regional development in Indonesia has been at the cost of environmental degradation. It advised establishing an incentive and disincentive mechanism for economic actors to utilize energy resources and environmentally friendly production technology and bring the country into a sustainable development direction.

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The Middle-Income Trap: Is There a Way Out for Asian Countries?

Abstract: This study aims at investigating the phenomena of the middle-income trap found in developing

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Empowering small industry of wood carving handicraft in Bangli district

Empowering small industry of wood carving handicraft in Bangli district

Social Capital, Joint Responsibility Systems, And Empowerment Of Women In Msmes : A Conceptual Framework

The Relationship of Education and Regional Income Level on Environmental Quality: Empirical Evidence from High Populated Country

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