The mitogenome of the jumping bristletail Trigoniophthalmus alternatus (Insecta, Microcoryphia) and the phylogeny of insect early-divergent lineages

Abstract

The complete mitochondrial genome of the machilid Trigoniophthalmus alternatus (Silvestri 1904) is herein described and applied to phylogenetic analyses, inclusive of the most early-divergent lineages of hexapods. Both gene content and order generally conform with the organization of the arthropods’ mitochondrial genome. One gene translocation involving trnA is the autapomorphic character observed in this species. Another peculiar molecular feature is the long size of the A + T-rich region, due to the occurrence of repeat units. The phylogenetic analyses support the typical placement, along the hexapods’ tree, of Ectognatha, Monocondylia and Dicondylia, with Diplura as the adelphotaxon of all true insects.

Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Neoasterolepisma foreli (Insecta: Zygentoma: Lepismatidae) and the phylogeny of basal Ectognatha

“…The phylogenetic tree obtained from the Bayesian Inference analysis confirms the results of Leo et al. ( 2019 ) and, despite the addition of new sequences, most of the inter-order relationships remain unvaried. A comparison with Chen et al.…”

“… 2006 ; Leo et al. 2019 ). Lepismatidae are the largest family within Zygentoma, display a cosmopolitan distribution and include well known anthropophilic species such as Lepisma saccharinum and Thermobia domestica.…”

“…The new sequence (PCGs only) was retro-aligned with the dataset of Leo et al. ( 2019 ), together with Ctenolepisma villosum (Chen et al. 2019 ) and Lepisma saccharinum (Bai et al.…”

Mitochondrial Genome Diversity in Collembola: Phylogeny, Dating and Gene Order

“…These correspond to dates, with confidence intervals, obtained from the analysis of a large phylogenomic data set in Rehm et al [39], corroborated by almost identical estimates, based on a similarly extensive data set, in Rota-Stabelli et al [40]. Based on the observation that in our analyses J. solifugus clusters with T. alternatus (at variance with the aforementioned studies that would suggest a closer relationship of Collembola and Diplura [17]), and given the open discussion on the relationships/monophyly of Entognatha and the hypothesis that Diplura may in fact be an early offshoot on the branch leading to Insecta [41,42], the second calibration point was assigned to the split between J. solifugus + T. alternatus and Collembola. Different combinations of calibration points were used in ingroup taxa.…”

The complete mitochondrial genome of the springtail Allacma fusca, the internal phylogenetic relationships and gene order of Symphypleona

“…The final mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence was annotated as described in Leo et al (2019a). Allacma fusca protein-coding genes (PCGs) were aligned with homologous sequences from available Symphypleona complete mitogenomes plus two outgroups ( Figure 1) as in Leo et al (2019c). The resulting data matrix was portioned in 39 subsets (one for each of the three codon positions of the 13 PCGs) and analyzed with PartitionFinder 2.1.1 (Lanfear et al 2016).…”