The moderating effect of trigger intensity on triggered displaced aggression

Vasquez, Eduardo A.; Denson, Thomas F.; Pedersen, William C.; Stenstrom, Douglas M.; Miller, Norman

doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2004.05.007

Cited by 52 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…First, because participants experienced the manipulation of valence prior to the trigger, its manipulation might differentially affect their reactions to the trigger, which in turn could influence the degree of displaced aggression. Second, previous research has shown that affective reactions to the triggering event can in fact mediate the aggression of previously provoked participants Vasquez et al, 2005).…”

Section: Aggressionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Specifically, these two events can synergistically combine to produce a level of aggression that exceeds that predicted by the additive combination of the independent effects of the initial and triggering provocations (Miller & Marcus-Newhall, 1997). However, this type of interaction between provocation and trigger Triggered Displaced Aggression 4 occurs only when the intensity of the triggering event is minor (Vasquez, Denson, Pedersen, Stenstrom, & Miller, 2005). Relative to strong triggering events, weak ones are more ambiguous as to whether they constitute a provoking action.…”

Section: Triggered Displaced Aggressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kicking the (Barking) Dog Effect: The Moderating Role of Target Attributes on Triggered Displaced Aggression

Pedersen

Bushman

Vasquez

et al. 2008

Pers Soc Psychol Bull

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Sometimes aggression is displaced onto a target who is not totally innocent, but emits a mildly irritating behavior called a triggering event. In three studies we examine stable personal attributes of targets that can impact such triggered displaced aggression (TDA). Lower levels of TDA were directed to targets whose attitudes were similar as compared to dissimilar to those of the actor (Experiment 1), and to targets who were in-group as compared to out-group members (Experiment 2). Conceptually replicating the findings of Studies 1 and 2, the manipulated valence of the target (viz. liked, neutral, and disliked) functioned in a similar manner, with positive valence serving a buffering function against a triggering action that followed an initial provocation (Experiment 3). The results from all three studies are consistent with Cognitive Neoassociationist theory (Berkowitz, 1993).

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Section: Aggressionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Triggered Displaced Aggressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kicking the (Barking) Dog Effect: The Moderating Role of Target Attributes on Triggered Displaced Aggression

Pedersen

Bushman

Vasquez

et al. 2008

Pers Soc Psychol Bull

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“…Minor triggering events are more ambiguous with respect to provocation and intentionality than are strong ones (Vasquez et al, 2005). In the absence of the initial provocation, an individual might judge the triggering event as nonprovocative and unworthy of an aggressive retaliation.…”

Section: Displaced Aggressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chewing on It Can Chew You Up: Effects of Rumination on Triggered Displaced Aggression.

Bushman

Bonacci

Pedersen

et al. 2005

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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353

270

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Ruminating about a provocation increases the likelihood of displaced aggression following a minor annoyance (trigger). In Study 1, provoked participants who ruminated for 25 min were more aggressive toward a fumbling confederate than were distracted participants. Provocation-induced negative affect was positively related to aggression but only among those who ruminated. Study 2 conceptually replicated Study 1 and also found that the more negatively people reacted to the trigger, the more likely the trigger was to increase displaced aggression. Study 3 replicated the findings of Studies 1 and 2 by using an 8-hr rumination period. All 3 studies suggest that ruminating about a provocation increases the likelihood that a minor triggering annoyance will increase displaced aggression.

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“…The feedback was given in a derogatory manner, with both an annoyed tone of voice and an annoyed facial expression. This provocation induction has been employed successfully in previous TDA experiments to induce negative affect (e.g., Vasquez et al, 2005).…”

Section: Provocation Inductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive load, trigger salience, and the facilitation of triggered displaced aggression

Vasquez

2008

Euro J Social Psych

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Researchers hypothesize that a state of limited cognitive processing capacity increases aggression. In the context of the triggered displaced aggression (TDA) paradigm, a 2 (Salience of triggering event: high/low) Â 2 (Cognitive load at trigger: yes/no) Â 2 (Cognitive load at aggression: yes/no) between participants experiment tested this hypothesis. Results showed that inducing cognitive load in previously provoked participants while they received a triggering provocation augmented aggression toward the target when the latter was highly salient. Affective reactions to the trigger partially mediated this effect. In contrast to expectation, however, inducing cognitive load while participants aggressed against their target did not affect aggression levels.

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The moderating effect of trigger intensity on triggered displaced aggression

Cited by 52 publications

References 18 publications

Kicking the (Barking) Dog Effect: The Moderating Role of Target Attributes on Triggered Displaced Aggression

Kicking the (Barking) Dog Effect: The Moderating Role of Target Attributes on Triggered Displaced Aggression

Chewing on It Can Chew You Up: Effects of Rumination on Triggered Displaced Aggression.

Cognitive load, trigger salience, and the facilitation of triggered displaced aggression

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