The most effective factors to offset sarcopenia and obesity in the older Korean: Physical activity, vitamin D, and protein intake

Oh, Chorong; Jeon, Boyoung; Storm, Shaun Nicholas Reid; Jho, Sunkug; No, Jae-Kyung

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2016.06.004

Cited by 50 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Previous studies comparing dietary intakes in sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic adults (≥65 years) suggest lower dietary intakes of protein, n-3 fatty acids, folic acid, vitamin B 6 , vitamin E and Mg in sarcopenic adults (9,10) . If energy intake is insufficient, proteins are being used in gluconeogenesis to produce glucose, and increased muscle protein breakdown may occur.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduced plasma concentration of branched-chain amino acids in sarcopenic older subjects: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2018

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Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are essential amino acids that are necessary for muscle mass maintenance. Little is known about the plasma concentrations of BCAA and the protein intake in relation to sarcopenia. We aimed to compare the non-fasting plasma concentrations of the BCAA and the dietary protein intake between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic older adults. Norwegian older home-dwelling adults (≥70 years) were invited to a cross-sectional study with no other exclusion criteria than age. Sarcopenic subjects were defined by the diagnostic criteria by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Non-fasting plasma concentrations of eight amino acids were quantified using NMR spectroscopy. Protein intake was assessed using 2×24-h dietary recalls. In this study, ninety out of 417 subjects (22 %) were sarcopenic, and more women (32 %) than men (11 %) were sarcopenic (P<0·0001). Sex-adjusted non-fasting plasma concentrations of leucine and isoleucine, and the absolute intake of protein (g/d), were significantly lower among the sarcopenic subjects, when compared with non-sarcopenic subjects (P=0·003, P=0·026 and P=0·003, respectively). A similar protein intake was observed in the two groups when adjusted for body weight (BW) and sex (1·1 g protein/kg BW per d; P=0·50). We show that sarcopenia is associated with reduced non-fasting plasma concentration of the BCAA leucine and isoleucine, and lower absolute intake of protein. More studies are needed to clarify the clinical relevance of these findings, related to maintenance of muscle mass and prevention of sarcopenia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Age-related decline in muscle mass and strength (sarcopenia) is associated with impaired independence and poor quality of life, as well as increased morbidity and all-cause mortality risk (1)(2)(3)(4)(5) . The mechanisms of sarcopenia are most likely multi-factorial, in which low protein intake is among the suggested underlying causes (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) .…”

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confidence: 99%

Reduced plasma concentration of branched-chain amino acids in sarcopenic older subjects: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2018

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“…Further research in this area is required to validate these findings and differentiate the effect of hypoxia at different intensities (Hobbins et al, 2017 ). In addition to the possible benefits mentioned previously, a recent study reported that vigorous exercise could be effective for improving muscle mass, showing an additional benefit with respect to other studies that used moderate-intensity exercise (Oh et al, 2017 ). This could be especially important in obese patients where reduced muscle mass (sarcopenia) is common (Gallagher and DeLegge, 2011 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

High-Intensity Interval Training in Normobaric Hypoxia Leads to Greater Body Fat Loss in Overweight/Obese Women than High-Intensity Interval Training in Normoxia

Camacho-Cardeñosa

Burtscher

et al. 2018

Front. Physiol.

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A moderate hypoxic stimulus is considered a promising therapeutic modality for several pathological states including obesity. There is scientific evidence suggesting that when hypoxia and physical activity are combined, they could provide benefits for the obese population. The aim of the present study was to investigate if exposure to hypoxia combined with two different protocols of high-intensity interval exercise in overweight/obese women was more effective compared with exercise in normoxia. Study participants included 82 overweight/obese women, who started a 12 week program of 36 sessions, and were randomly divided into four groups: (1) aerobic interval training in hypoxia (AitH; FiO2 = 17.2%; n = 13), (2) aerobic interval training in normoxia (AitN; n = 15), (3) sprint interval training in hypoxia (SitH; n = 15), and (4) sprint interval training in normoxia (SitN; n = 18). Body mass, body mass index, percentage of total fat mass, muscle mass, basal metabolic rate, fat, and carbohydrate oxidation, and fat and carbohydrate energy were assessed. Outcomes were measured at baseline (T1), after 18 training sessions (T2), 7 days after the last session (T3), and 4 weeks after the last session (T4). The fat mass in the SitH group was significantly reduced compared with the SitN group from T1 to T3 (p < 0.05) and from T1 to T4 (p < 0.05) and muscle mass increased significantly from T1 to T4 (p < 0.05). Fat mass in the AitH group decreased significantly (p < 0.01) and muscle mass increased (p = 0.022) compared with the AitN group from T1 to T4. All training groups showed a reduction in the percentage of fat mass, with a statistically significant reduction in the hypoxia groups (p < 0.05). Muscle mass increased significantly in the hypoxia groups (p < 0.05), especially at T4. While fat oxidation tended to increase and oxidation of carbohydrates tended to decrease in both hypoxia groups, the tendency was reversed in the normoxia groups. Thus, high-intensity interval training under normobaric intermittent hypoxia for 12 weeks in overweight/obese women seems to be promising for reducing body fat content with a concomitant increase in muscle mass.

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“…Exercise for muscle health does not need a particular time and place. 3.2 ± 1.09 Awareness about the exercises for muscle health (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) 13.0 ± 2.82 1. Trying to exercise for muscle health.…”

Section: 근육건강에 대한 인식 태도 및 지식mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…건강 지각과 건강 지식은 건강 실천행위의 기반으로 근육건강에 대한 올바른 인식과 적극적인 태도 및 정확한 지식의 습득은 근육 건강 증진의 기반이라고 할 수 있다. 그러나 현재까지 근육건강관련 연구는 근육의 중요성을 강조한 연구 [1][2][3][4]12], 근육건강을 구성하 는 요인에 대한 연구 [13] 및 생활습관 중재에 대해 연구들이 [14,15] 진행되었으나 기반이 되는 근육건강에 대한 인식, 태도 Table 1). 8.3 ± 1.37 3.…”

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Differences in Awareness, Attitude and Knowledge toward Muscle Health according to General Characteristics

Jeong¹,

Choi²,

Choi³

et al. 2017

jkbns

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Purpose: To understand awareness, attitude and knowledge levels of muscle health of adults over 18 years old. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study using questionnaires. A total of 401 questionnaires were included for final analysis. Mean and standard deviation of the continuous variables were analyzed and frequency analysis of categorical variables was performed. To identify differences according to general characteristics, t-test was used. Results: Awareness scores about the importance of muscle health and exercises were 8.3 and 13.0, respectively. Attitude score and knowledge score were 12.4 and 15.0, respectively. There were differences in attitude toward muscle health according to gender, age, physical activity, and diet habits. However, there was no difference in attitude toward muscle health according to educational level, smoking, drinking, or sleeping. Conclusion: It is necessary to seek a strategy to improve awareness and attitude toward muscle health based on knowledge, not merely to raise knowledge level about muscle health. Since nurses play a central role in health promotion and disease prevention, they should also play an important role in strategic development and application of intervention. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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The most effective factors to offset sarcopenia and obesity in the older Korean: Physical activity, vitamin D, and protein intake

Cited by 50 publications

References 30 publications

Reduced plasma concentration of branched-chain amino acids in sarcopenic older subjects: a cross-sectional study

Reduced plasma concentration of branched-chain amino acids in sarcopenic older subjects: a cross-sectional study

High-Intensity Interval Training in Normobaric Hypoxia Leads to Greater Body Fat Loss in Overweight/Obese Women than High-Intensity Interval Training in Normoxia

Differences in Awareness, Attitude and Knowledge toward Muscle Health according to General Characteristics

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