“…In this regard, the notable strategies are: the Service-Oriented Architecture approach (IBM 2005, OASIS 2006, Jammes 2005b, the TORERO device-centric approach (Torero, 2004, Torero 2005, and the NEMI plug-and-play factory project (Dugenske 2000, CAMX 2001, Dugenske 2001 based on a communication-centric approach. Three major existing initiatives can be described within the scope of a device centric approach to factory automation, namely the ODVA architecture, the PROFInet architecture and the SIRENA architecture.…”