The Nature of Laterization as Revealed by Chemical, Physical, and Mineralogical-Studies of a Lateritic Soil Profile From Puerto Rico

Bonnet, J. A.

doi:10.1097/00010694-193907000-00003

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The soils are part of the Humatus-Zarzal-Cristal complex and are classified as clayey, mixed isothermic, Epiaquic Tropohumults or Palehumults (Ultisols) (Beinroth 1982;Johnston 1992). The underlying parent material is volcanoclastic sandstone, rich in ferromagnesium minerals, that weather to form soils high in clays and Fe or Al oxides, but low in silica and free bases (Scatena 1989;Bonnet 1939). The dominant silicate clays are degraded illites that have lost a substantial portion of K (Jones et al 1982).…”

Section: Study Site and Hurricane Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A decade of belowground reorganization following multiple disturbances in a subtropical wet forest

2009

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Humid tropical forests are dynamic ecosystems that experience multiple and overlapping disturbance events that vary in frequency, intensity, and spatial extent. Here we report the results of a 10-year study investigating the effects of forest clearing and multiple hurricanes on ecosystem carbon reservoirs, nutrient pools and vegetation. The aboveground plant community was most heavily affected by multiple disturbances, with the 9-year-old stands showing high rates of hurricane-induced mortality relative to surrounding forest. Belowground pools were less affected. Live fine root biomass fluctuated in response to multiple disturbances, but returned to pre-disturbance levels after 10 years. Soil C was resilient to clearing and hurricanes, probably due to the large pool size and high clay content. Soil P fluctuated over time, declining during periods of rapid plant recovery and growth. With the exception of K, base cations recovered within 2 years following clearing and showed little response to hurricane disturbance.

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Section: Study Site and Hurricane Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A decade of belowground reorganization following multiple disturbances in a subtropical wet forest

2009

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“…The underlying parent material for all sites is volcanoclastic sandstone, rich in ferromagnesium minerals of early Cretaceous and early Tertiary age (Bonnet 1939, Beinroth 1982, Scatena 1989. Soils are highly weathered Ultisols, characterized by high clay and Al and Fe content.…”

Section: Study Site and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in Belowground Carbon Storage and Soil CO₂ Flux Rates along a Wet Tropical Climate Gradient¹

McGroddy¹,

Silver²

2000

Biotropica

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We used a humid tropical elevation gradient to examine the relationships among climate, edaphic conditions, belowground carbon storage, and soil respiration rates.We also compared open and closed canopy sites to increase the range of microclimate conditions sampled along the gradient, and determine the effects of canopy openings on C and P storage, and C dynamics. Total soil C, the light C fraction, and all of the component fractions of the P pool were significantly related to soil moisture, and all but total soil C were also significantly related to temperature. Both labile and recalcitrant soil P fractions were negatively correlated with the light C fraction, while the dilute HCI-extractable P pool, generally thought of as intermediate in availability, was positively correlated with light C, suggesting that P may play an important role in C cycling within these systems. Total fine root biomass was greatest at 1000 m elevation and lowest at 150 m, and was strongly and positively correlated with soil moisture content. Soil respiration rates were significantly and negatively correlated with fine root biomass and the light C fraction. In forested sites, soil respiration rates were strongly and negatively correlated with total belowground C pools (soils -I-roots + forest floor). Belowground C pools did not follow the expected increasing trend with decreases in temperature along the gradient. Our results indicated that in humid tropical forests, the relationships among soil C and nutrient pools, soil respiration rates, and climate are complex. We suggest that frequent and prolonged anaerobic events could be important features of these environments that may explain the observed trends.

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“…The parent material underlying the watersheds is volcanoclastic sandstone rich in ferromagnesium minerals, and which weathers to a soil high in clay, free Fe and A1, but low in silica and free bases (Bonnet, 1939;Scatena, 1989). Soils are mapped as part of the Humatus-Zarzal-Cristal complex (Johnston, 1992), and are classified as clayey, mixed isothermic, Epiaquic Tropohumults or Palehumults (Ultisols) (Beinroth, 1982).…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient availability in a montane wet tropical forest: Spatial patterns and methodological considerations

Silver¹,

Scatena²,

et al. 1994

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Soils and forest floor were sampled quantitatively from a montane wet tropical forest in Puerto Rico to determine the spatial variability of soil nutrients, the factors controlling nutrient availability to vegetation, and the distribution of nutrients in soil and plants. Exchangeable cation concentrations were measured using different soil extracting procedures (fresh soil with NH4C1, air-dried and ground soil with KC1, and a Modified Olsen solution) to establish a range of nutrient availability in the soil, and to determine the relationship between different, but commonly used laboratory protocols.The availability of exchangeable Ca, Mg, and K was significantly lower in soils extracted fresh with NHaCI than from soils which were dried and ground prior to extraction with KCI or a modified Olsen solution. Soil nutrient availability generally decreased with depth in the soil. Several soil properties important to plant growth and survival varied predictably across the landscape and could be viewed in the context of a simple catena model. In the surface soils, exchangeable base cation concentrations and pH increased along a gradient from ridge tops to riparian valleys, while soil organic matter, exchangeable Fe and acidity decreased along this gradient. On the ridges, N, P, and K were positively correlated with soil organic matter; on slopes, N and P were positively correlated with organic matter, and Ca, Kg, and pH were negatively correlated with exchangeable Fe. Nutrient availability in the upper catena appears to be primarily controlled by biotic processes, particularly the accumulation of organic matter. The Ca, K, and P content of the vegetation was higher on ridges and slopes than in the valley positions. Periodic flooding and impeded drainage in the lower catena resulted in a more heterogeneous environment.

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The Nature of Laterization as Revealed by Chemical, Physical, and Mineralogical-Studies of a Lateritic Soil Profile From Puerto Rico

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

A decade of belowground reorganization following multiple disturbances in a subtropical wet forest

A decade of belowground reorganization following multiple disturbances in a subtropical wet forest

Variations in Belowground Carbon Storage and Soil CO₂ Flux Rates along a Wet Tropical Climate Gradient¹

Nutrient availability in a montane wet tropical forest: Spatial patterns and methodological considerations

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The Nature of Laterization as Revealed by Chemical, Physical, and Mineralogical-Studies of a Lateritic Soil Profile From Puerto Rico

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

A decade of belowground reorganization following multiple disturbances in a subtropical wet forest

A decade of belowground reorganization following multiple disturbances in a subtropical wet forest

Variations in Belowground Carbon Storage and Soil CO2 Flux Rates along a Wet Tropical Climate Gradient1

Nutrient availability in a montane wet tropical forest: Spatial patterns and methodological considerations

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Variations in Belowground Carbon Storage and Soil CO₂ Flux Rates along a Wet Tropical Climate Gradient¹