“…Low mathematics achievement scores are frequently indicative of dyscalculia, especially in word problems (Firmasari et al, 2021;Ziadat, 2022), but it is essential to note that this is not the only characteristic of dyscalculia (Ahuja et al, 2022;Aprinastuti et al, 2020;Cheng et al, 2020;Dehghani, 2019;Fauzan et al, 2022;Firmasari et al, 2021;Gut et al, 2021;Jannah & Bharata, 2020;Kariyawasam et al, 2019;Kißler et al, 2021;Kunwar & Sharma, 2020;Lewis, Sweeney, et al, 2022;Liu et al, 2022;Mariera et al, 2021;N. Onyishi & M. Sefotho, 2021;Noordin et al, 2020;Patricia & Zamzam, 2021;Purwaningrum et al, 2021;Putri Purwaningrum et al, 2022;Vigna et al, 2022;Ziadat, 2022). Students with dyscalculia usually have persistent difficulty with mathematics throughout the school year rather than just one mathematical concept Vigna et al, 2022), which may lead to low mathematics achievement scores, yet still have average intelligence and good performance in other subjects (Fauzan et al, 2022;N.…”