The novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV: Its evolution and transmission into humans causing global COVID-19 pandemic

Rastogi, Yash Raj; Sharma, Ashish; Nagraik, Rupak; Aygün, Ayşenur; Şen, Fatma Gül

doi:10.1007/s13762-020-02781-2

Cited by 30 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1 cause infection and colds in immunosuppressed individuals. On the other hand, other viruses in this family, which include SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS-CoV, cause other human infections with variable clinical severity, including respiratory disorders [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of sleep disturbances among physicians and nurses facing the COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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Background In all epidemics, healthcare staff are at the centre of risks and damages caused by pathogens. Today, nurses and physicians are faced with unprecedented work pressures in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in several psychological disorders such as stress, anxiety and sleep disturbances. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of sleep disturbances in hospital nurses and physicians facing the COVID-19 patients. Method A systematic review and metanalysis was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA criteria. The PubMed, Scopus, Science direct, Web of science, CINHAL, Medline, and Google Scholar databases were searched with no lower time-limt and until 24 June 2020. The heterogeneity of the studies was measured using I2 test and the publication bias was assessed by the Egger’s test at the significance level of 0.05. Results The I2 test was used to evaluate the heterogeneity of the selected studies, based on the results of I2 test, the prevalence of sleep disturbances in nurses and physicians is I2: 97.4% and I2: 97.3% respectively. After following the systematic review processes, 7 cross-sectional studies were selected for meta-analysis. Six studies with the sample size of 3745 nurses were examined in and the prevalence of sleep disturbances was approximated to be 34.8% (95% CI: 24.8-46.4%). The prevalence of sleep disturbances in physicians was also measured in 5 studies with the sample size of 2123 physicians. According to the results, the prevalence of sleep disturbances in physicians caring for the COVID-19 patients was reported to be 41.6% (95% CI: 27.7-57%). Conclusion Healthcare workers, as the front line of the fight against COVID-19, are more vulnerable to the harmful effects of this disease than other groups in society. Increasing workplace stress increases sleep disturbances in the medical staff, especially nurses and physicians. In other words, increased stress due to the exposure to COVID-19 increases the prevalence of sleep disturbances in nurses and physicians. Therefore, it is important for health policymakers to provide solutions and interventions to reduce the workplace stress and pressures on medical staff.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of sleep disturbances among physicians and nurses facing the COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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“…The development of vaccines and therapeutic intervention measures promises to mitigate the spread of the virus and to alleviate the burdens COVID-19 has caused in many communities in recent months. [1][2][3][4][5][6] SARS-CoV-2 is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus with a genome comprised of around 30,000 nucleotides. The viral replicase gene encodes two overlapping polyproteins, pp1a and pp1ab, consisting of individual viral proteins essential for replication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual zwitterionic catalytic site of SARS–CoV-2 main protease revealed by neutron crystallography

Kneller

Phillips

Weiss

et al. 2020

Journal of Biological Chemistry

118

168

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The main protease (3CL Mpro) from SARS-CoV-2, the etiological agent of COVID-19, is an essential enzyme for viral replication. 3CL Mpro possesses an unusual catalytic dyad composed of Cys145 and His41 residues. A critical question in the field has been what the protonation states of the ionizable residues in the substrate-binding active site cavity are; resolving this point would help understand the catalytic details of the enzyme and inform rational drug development against this pernicious virus. Here, we present the room-temperature neutron structure of 3CL Mpro, which allowed direct determination of hydrogen atom positions and, hence, protonation states in the protease. We observe that the catalytic site natively adopts a zwitterionic reactive form where Cys145 is in the negatively charged thiolate state, and His41 is doubly protonated and positively charged, instead of the neutral unreactive state usually envisaged. The neutron structure also identified the protonation states, and thus electrical charges, of all other amino acid residues and revealed intricate hydrogen bonding networks in the active site cavity and at the dimer interface. The fine atomic details present in this structure were made possible by the unique scattering properties of the neutron, which is an ideal probe for locating hydrogen positions and experimentally determining protonation states at near-physiological temperature. Our observations provide critical information for structure-assisted and computational drug design, allowing precise tailoring of inhibitors to the enzyme’s electrostatic environment.

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“…The high transmissibility of COVID-19, especially at the onset of symptoms, suggests that generalized social distance measures are the most effective method of prevention (Cheng et al 2020). Anyway, further research is still required to understand the form of transmission of this illness among humans (Rastogi et al 2020). However, one of the characteristics of the HHCS is the placement of health teams in homes, following a route in which several families are visited in the same day.…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

SWOT-TOWS analysis to improve home health waste management during the COVID-19 pandemic

Silva¹,

Maciel²,

Florêncio³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Home health services are of great concern, as infectious diseases can be transmitted not only to residents but also to home health care workers. Worldwide, there are few studies related to home health waste management. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, a survey on waste management from home health care services was carried out between October and December 2019. In the survey, all 67 stakeholders (health teams and caregivers/patients) involved in home health care services in the municipality of Caruaru (Brazil) were interviewed. The collected data showed that the home health care and waste management practices identified during field visits would be severely impacted by the pandemic. In this context, a SWOT analysis and TOWS matrix were employed in the analysis of home health care practices; in this work, those practices include care provided by health teams and patient caregivers, encompassing the handling of waste resulting from health care. The results show the need to promote strategies to improve home health care services to preserve the health of professionals and patients in the pandemic and post-pandemic periods. In this context, care related to the transmission of COVID-19 has been ratified, generating additional actions for the proper management of health waste.

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The novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV: Its evolution and transmission into humans causing global COVID-19 pandemic

Cited by 30 publications

References 42 publications

The prevalence of sleep disturbances among physicians and nurses facing the COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The prevalence of sleep disturbances among physicians and nurses facing the COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Unusual zwitterionic catalytic site of SARS–CoV-2 main protease revealed by neutron crystallography

SWOT-TOWS analysis to improve home health waste management during the COVID-19 pandemic

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