The Pancreas—Hermit of the Abdomen

Gavaghan, Mary

doi:10.1016/s0001-2092(06)61613-x

Cited by 4 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The pancreas begins to form at the fifth week of embryonic development and is capable of producing insulin by the 10th week of gestation 2 . A ductal system emerges as the pancreas matures during gestation.…”

Section: Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three main pancreatic enzymes, amylase, trypsin, and pancreatic lipase, facilitate digestion of carbohydrates, protein, and fat. Enzyme release is stimulated by the parasympathetic system and occurs in three phases: cephalic, gastric, and intestinal 2 …”

Section: Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the parietal cells within the stomach lining are bathed in gastrin, they begin to produce gastric acid. The presence of this acid triggers pancreatic secretion 2 …”

Section: Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Preventing Surgically Induced Diabetes After Total Pancreatectomy via Autologous Islet Cell Reimplantation

Brendle

2010

AORN Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Total pancreatectomy may be the only treatment option that relieves pain and tissue destruction for patients with chronic pancreatitis, but this procedure causes surgically induced diabetes, which is difficult to manage because of the absence of insulin-producing beta cells. Some patients may benefit from autologous islet cell reimplantation, a procedure that involves collecting and purifying the islets of Langerhans from the patient's own resected pancreas and reinfusing them into the patient via the portal vein. Typically, candidates for this procedure are younger adults with nondilated pancreatitis that has yet to develop into glucose intolerance. Islet cell transplantation success varies and is directly related to the quality and quantity of the patient's pancreas and the damage caused by the chronic pancreatitis.

show abstract

Section: Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Preventing Surgically Induced Diabetes After Total Pancreatectomy via Autologous Islet Cell Reimplantation

Brendle

2010

AORN Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Gastrinomas are associated with overproduction of gastrin, a peptide that stimulates the production of gastric acid. Overproduction of gastrin is associated with a clinical syndrome called Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome, characterized by gastric and duodenal ulcers, and diarrhea (Gavaghan 2002). Glucagonomas, composed of α-cells, produce excess levels of glucagon, and are associated with a syndrome of diabetes mellitus, a distinctive skin rash known as necrotizing cutaneous erythema, and anemia (Gavaghan 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overproduction of gastrin is associated with a clinical syndrome called Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome, characterized by gastric and duodenal ulcers, and diarrhea (Gavaghan 2002). Glucagonomas, composed of α-cells, produce excess levels of glucagon, and are associated with a syndrome of diabetes mellitus, a distinctive skin rash known as necrotizing cutaneous erythema, and anemia (Gavaghan 2002). Other functional ICTs (somatostatinomas, pancreatic polypeptide-secreting tumors, diarrheogenic islet cell tumors (VIPomas), and pancreatic carcinoid tumors) are rare (Halfdanarson et al 2008b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical Investigation of F344/N Rat Islet Cell Tumors from National Toxicology Program Studies

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, we have investigated the immunoexpression of peptide hormones and mediators associated with human islet cell tumors in a group of proliferative islet cell lesions in F344 rats including islet cell hyperplasias, adenomas, and carcinomas, as defined by conventional histopathologic criteria. All proliferative islets expressed synaptophysin, although decreased expression intensity was observed in hyperplasias and adenomas. Most of the proliferative lesions expressed insulin, which generally decreased as lesions progressed towards malignancy. The distribution of glucagon, somatostatin and gastrin-expressing cells was altered in proliferative islet lesions, but did not comprise a large proportion of cells. Islet cell tumors were associated with increased nuclear expression of CDK4 as well as increased PCNA and decreased β-catenin expression. CMYC expression was variable. This is the first study to describe the immunophenotype of islet cell tumors in the F344 rat, and to show that islet cell tumors in the F344 rat exhibit similarities in protein expression to the human counterpart.

show abstract

A Review of Animal Models of Nonneoplastic Pancreatic Diseases

Foster

2013

Toxicol Pathol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The nonneoplastic diseases of the human pancreas generally comprise the inflammatory and degenerative conditions that include acute and chronic pancreatitis, with cystic fibrosis being arguably one of the most important diseases that induce the condition. Both acute and chronic conditions vary in severity, but both can be life threatening; and because of this fact, the study of their progression, and their responsiveness to therapy, is largely conducted by indirect means using serum markers of damage and repair such as amylase and lipase activities that normally occur at very low levels in the circulation but can be significantly increased during inflammatory episodes. Progress in the understanding the pathogenesis of both conditions has therefore been largely due to time course studies in animal models of pancreatitis, and it is in this context that animal model development has been so significant. In general terms, the animal models can be divided into the invasive, surgical procedures, and those induced by the administration of chemical secretagogues that induce hypersecretion of the pancreatic enzymes. The former include ligation and/or cannulation of the biliopancreatic ducts with infusion of solutions of various kinds, or the formation of closed duodenal loops. Secretagogue administration includes administration of caerulein or l-arginine in various protocols. An additional model involves administration of dibutyltin dichloride, which induces a partial blockage of the pancreatic ducts to induce pancreatic disease through enzymic reflux into the gland. The models have been invaluable in generating testable hypotheses for the human diseases. These hypotheses for the production of cellular damage as the initiating events in the disease include (1) intracellular chemical activation, (2) pancreatic secretion reflux, (3) intracellular production of reactive oxygen species, and (4) intracellular production of free radicals.

show abstract

The Pancreas—Hermit of the Abdomen

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Preventing Surgically Induced Diabetes After Total Pancreatectomy via Autologous Islet Cell Reimplantation

Preventing Surgically Induced Diabetes After Total Pancreatectomy via Autologous Islet Cell Reimplantation

Immunohistochemical Investigation of F344/N Rat Islet Cell Tumors from National Toxicology Program Studies

A Review of Animal Models of Nonneoplastic Pancreatic Diseases

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About