The Paracrine Neural Stem Cell Niche: New Actors in the Play

Gómez-Gaviro, María-Victoria; Desco, Manuel

doi:10.1007/s40778-018-0112-1

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The NSC niche also contains other types of cells, such as radial glia, neuroblasts, neural progenitor cells, neurons, astrocytes, and ependymocytes as supportive cells [16]. Moreover, vasculature also plays an important role through endothelial cells and pericytes with their paracrine factors [17,18]. In the NSC microenvironment, the major role of ECM focuses on neural development and regeneration processes, such as neurogenesis, nerve repair, neuronal cell migration, and axonal growth.…”

Section: Neural Stem Cells Nichementioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Neural Stem Cells (NSCs) and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) as a Promising Approach in Brain Study and Nerve Regeneration

Kamińska

Radoszkiewicz

Rybkowska

et al. 2022

Cells

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Rapid developments in stem cell research in recent years have provided a solid foundation for their use in medicine. Over the last few years, hundreds of clinical trials have been initiated in a wide panel of indications. Disorders and injuries of the nervous system still remain a challenge for the regenerative medicine. Neural stem cells (NSCs) are the optimal cells for the central nervous system restoration as they can differentiate into mature cells and, most importantly, functional neurons and glial cells. However, their application is limited by multiple factors such as difficult access to source material, limited cells number, problematic, long and expensive cultivation in vitro, and ethical considerations. On the other hand, according to the available clinical databases, most of the registered clinical trials involving cell therapies were carried out with the use of mesenchymal stem/stromal/signalling cells (MSCs) obtained from afterbirth or adult human somatic tissues. MSCs are the multipotent cells which can also differentiate into neuron-like and glia-like cells under proper conditions in vitro; however, their main therapeutic effect is more associated with secretory and supportive properties. MSCs, as a natural component of cell niche, affect the environment through immunomodulation as well as through the secretion of the trophic factors. In this review, we discuss various therapeutic strategies and activated mechanisms related to bilateral MSC–NSC interactions, differentiation of MSCs towards the neural cells (subpopulation of crest-derived cells) under the environmental conditions, bioscaffolds, or co-culture with NSCs by recreating the conditions of the neural cell niche.

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Section: Neural Stem Cells Nichementioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Neural Stem Cells (NSCs) and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) as a Promising Approach in Brain Study and Nerve Regeneration

Kamińska

Radoszkiewicz

Rybkowska

et al. 2022

Cells

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“…All these components determine the behaviour and fate of NSCs through the production and release of a number of paracrine factors, directly or contained in exosomes. They decide how quickly NSCs divide and the type of cells they give rise to [94][95][96] (Figure 4).…”

Section: Niche Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Understanding of the Neural Stem Cell Niches

Llorente

Velarde

Desco

et al. 2022

Cells

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Neural stem cells (NSCs) are self-renewing, multipotent cells which give rise to all components of the central nervous system (CNS) during embryogenesis, but also activate in response to injury and disease and maintain a certain level of neurogenic activity throughout adulthood. This activity takes place in specialized regions of the brain, the neurovascular niches, whose main role is to control the behaviour of the CNS. In adult mammals, two main “canonical” niches have been described: The subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus. This review discusses our current understanding of the neural stem cells and their canonical niches, as well as their structure, behaviours, and role in neural disease.

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