The pattern of neurological illness in tropical Africa

Osuntokun, B. O.

doi:10.1016/0022-510x(71)90110-9

Cited by 108 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Our findings confirm high prevalence rates of epileptic seizures/epilepsy in the hospital and the community, which agrees with the results of previous epidemiological studies of epilepsy in sub-Saharan Africa [5,6,9,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Most studies conducted in parts of Africa and Latin America indicate higher prevalence rates of epilepsy than have been found in high-income countries, but these prevalence rates can vary within a single country, as shown in Benin, the Ivory Coast, Senegal and Tanzania [6,9,19].…”

Section: Prevalence Of Epilepsy In Sub-saharan Africasupporting

confidence: 92%

Epilepsy and neurocysticercosis in sub-Saharan Africa

Winkler

Willingham

Sikasunge

et al. 2009

Wien Klin Wochenschr

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Section: Prevalence Of Epilepsy In Sub-saharan Africasupporting

confidence: 92%

Epilepsy and neurocysticercosis in sub-Saharan Africa

Winkler

Willingham

Sikasunge

et al. 2009

Wien Klin Wochenschr

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“…[49][50][51][52] Tuberculosis-related NTSCI was relatively common in both Ghana and Nigeria (30% and 25%, respectively). The proportion of neoplastic NTSCI and myelitis was similar in both countries (about 15% and 12%, respectively).…”

Section: Sub-saharan Africa Westmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global maps of non-traumatic spinal cord injury epidemiology: towards a living data repository

2013

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Study design: Literature review. Objectives: Globally map non-traumatic spinal cord injury (NTSCI) incidence, prevalence, survival, level of injury and aetiology. Propose a research framework for NTSCI prevention and launch a repository of NTSCI data. Setting: Initiative of the International Spinal Cord Society Prevention Committee. Methods: Literature search of Medline and Embase (1959-June 2011). Relevant articles in any language regarding adults with NTSCI were included. Stratification of information about incidence and prevalence into green/yellow/orange/red data quality 'zones' and comparisons between World Health Organisation (WHO) regions and countries. Results: Three hundred and seventy-seven abstracts reviewed-45 of these from 24 countries in 12 of the 21 WHO global regions had relevant information. Only one publication had survival data. Prevalence data for NTSCI existed for only two countries, India (prevalence of 2 310/million population, Kashmir region) and Canada (prevalence of 1 120/million population). The incidence rates for WHO regions were: Asia Pacific, high income 20/million population/year; Australasia (26/million population/year); Western Europe median of 6/million population/year; North America, high income median 76/million population/year (based on poor-quality studies); and Oceania 9/million population/year. Developed countries tended to have a higher proportion of cases with degenerative conditions and tumours. Developing countries, in comparison, tended to have a higher proportion of infections, particularly tuberculosis and HIV, although a number also reported tumours as a major cause. Conclusions: Insufficient survival, prevalence and incidence data are a predominant finding of this review. The piecemeal approach to epidemiological reporting of NTSCI, particularly failing to include sound regional population denominators, has exhausted its utility. Minimum data collection standards are required.

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“…In that report, more African Americans had early pyramidal system involvement than Caucasians, leading to greater EDSS scores, while the rates of disease progression at later stages were nearly identical. Since Africans and their descendants are known to preferentially show opticospinal involvement (14,15), it is possible that early deterioration is universally characteristic of OS-MS, regardless of race.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Clinical Courses of the Opticospinal and Conventional Forms of Multiple Sclerosis in Japan

et al. 2005

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We evaluated the clinical courses of 216 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosed according to the recommended diagnostic criteria of McDonald et al (10). Sixty-five patients clinically displaying selective involvement of the optic nerves and spinal cord were classified as opticospinal MS (OS-MS), while the other 151 showing disseminated involvement of the central nervous system were classified as conventional MS (C-MS). The disease duration did not differ significantly between the two subtypes (11.2 years vs. 11.5 years). In addition to a higher age of onset, female preponderance and higher Kurtzke's expanded disability status scale (EDSS) scores, the OS-MS patients showed a markedly lower frequency of secondary progressive MS than the C-MS patients (4.6% vs. 29.1%, p=0.0001). The EDSS scores of the C-MS patients were significantly correlated with the disease duration, while those of the OS-MS patients were not. Among the C-MS patients, the frequency of secondary progressive MS was significantly more common in patients with a disease duration of more than 10 years than in those with a shorter duration. These results suggest that the irreversible disability in OS-MS is determined by relapses, rather than by chronic progression, whereas C-MS has a similar clinical course to MS in Westerners. (Internal Medicine 44: 934-938, 2005)

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The pattern of neurological illness in tropical Africa

Cited by 108 publications

References 31 publications

Epilepsy and neurocysticercosis in sub-Saharan Africa

Epilepsy and neurocysticercosis in sub-Saharan Africa

Global maps of non-traumatic spinal cord injury epidemiology: towards a living data repository

Comparison of the Clinical Courses of the Opticospinal and Conventional Forms of Multiple Sclerosis in Japan

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