The phylogenetic position of the budding bacteria Blastobacter aggregatus and Gemmobacter aquatilis gen., nov. sp. nov.

Rothe, Bernd; Fischer, Angelika; Hirsch, Peter; Sittig, Manuel; Stackebrandt, Erko

doi:10.1007/bf00492911

Cited by 54 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Blastobacter aggregatus and Blastobacter capsulatus were closely related to each other (96.6% sequence similarity) and to Agrobacterium tumefaciens (96.0 to 96.9% sequence similarity) in the alpha-2a group. This confirmed the previous finding of Rothe et al (11) Hugenholtz et al ( 5 ) recommended that a new type species for the genus Blastobacter be selected and described because of the lack of a type strain of the type species. However, given the absence of physiological and phylogenetic information about the type species, Blastobacter henn'cii, it would be difficult to designate one of the other species as the type species of the genus Blastobacter with confidence.…”

supporting

confidence: 88%

“…Several authors have demonstrated that there is a high degree of heterogeneity in the genus Blastobacter with respect to phenotype (21), cellular fatty acids and phospholipids (13), and molecular phylogeny (3,5,11,23).…”

Section: __mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include Blastobacter aggregatus, Blastobacter capsulatus, Blastobacter denitrificans (4, 6), and Blastobacter natatorius (15, 17). Other taxonomically unvalidated species which have been reported on include "Blastobacter V~S C O S U S '~ (7), "Blastobacter aminooxidans" (l), and "Blastobacter novus" (10).Several authors have demonstrated that there is a high degree of heterogeneity in the genus Blastobacter with respect to phenotype (21), cellular fatty acids and phospholipids (13), and molecular phylogeny (3,5,11,23).There is a need to revise the taxonomy of the genus Blastobacter, and the phylogenetic evidence of Hugenholtz et al ( 5 ) provides a framework with which to commence the taxonomic revision. An analysis of the 16s rRNA sequences of the validated species Blastobacter aggregatus, Blastobacter capsulatus, Blastobacter denitr@cans, and Blastobacter natatorius by Hugenholtz et al ( 5 ) showed that the species clustered in three separate groups within the alpha subclass of the Proteobacteria.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Transfer of Blastobacter natatorius (Sly 1985) to the Genus Blastomonas gen. nov. as Blastomonas natatoria comb. nov.

Sly

Cahill

1997

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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The budding bacterium Blastobacter natatorius belongs to the alpha-4 group of the Proteobacteria and clusters phylogenetically on a deep branch with Sphingomonas capsulata, with which it shares 93.9% 16s rRNA sequence similarity. On phylogenetic, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic grounds a proposal is made to transfer B. natatorius to the genus Blastomonas gen. nov. as Blastomonas natatoria comb. nov. __The taxonomy of the genus Blastobacter Zavarzin 1961 is in a state of confusion. This confusion has arisen due to the lack of a type strain for the type species, Blastobacter henricii (14,25), and to the fact that morphological characteristics, such as budding cell division, which define the genus may not be phylogenetically useful features at the genus level (5) and may group distantly related species in the genus as currently defined (15, 21, 25). Cell division by non-prosthecate budding is confined to the alpha subclass of the Proteobacteria but is widely distributed in genera within the subclass.The genus Blastobacter was proposed by Zavarzin (25) to include rosette-forming, budding, rod-shaped or wedge-shaped bacteria which were observed in a filter paper enrichment of reduced iron-containing water from a northern Russian forest brook. Zavarzin was unable to isolate the cells in pure culture, and the description of Blastobacter henricii is based on drawings and observations. Several additional Blastobacter species have been validly described since 1961 (8). These include Blastobacter aggregatus, Blastobacter capsulatus, Blastobacter denitrificans (4, 6), and Blastobacter natatorius (15, 17). Other taxonomically unvalidated species which have been reported on include "Blastobacter V~S C O S U S '~ (7), "Blastobacter aminooxidans" (l), and "Blastobacter novus" (10).Several authors have demonstrated that there is a high degree of heterogeneity in the genus Blastobacter with respect to phenotype (21), cellular fatty acids and phospholipids (13), and molecular phylogeny (3,5,11,23).There is a need to revise the taxonomy of the genus Blastobacter, and the phylogenetic evidence of Hugenholtz et al. ( 5 ) provides a framework with which to commence the taxonomic revision. An analysis of the 16s rRNA sequences of the validated species Blastobacter aggregatus, Blastobacter capsulatus, Blastobacter denitr@cans, and Blastobacter natatorius by Hugenholtz et al. ( 5 ) showed that the species clustered in three separate groups within the alpha subclass of the Proteobacteria. Blastobacter aggregatus and Blastobacter capsulatus were closely related to each other (96.6% sequence similarity) and to Agrobacterium tumefaciens (96.0 to 96.9% sequence similarity) in the alpha-2a group. This confirmed the previous finding of Rothe et al. (11)

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confidence: 88%

Section: __mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Transfer of Blastobacter natatorius (Sly 1985) to the Genus Blastomonas gen. nov. as Blastomonas natatoria comb. nov.

Sly

Cahill

1997

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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“…18:2 fatty acids have also been found in Hirschia, Gernmobacter, Blastobacter, and Campylobacter spp. (22,31,35) but not at such high levels. Its absence from ACM 2721 suggests limits to its usefulness for identifying members of the a-4 subclass, however.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Porphyrobacter neustonensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an Aerobic Bacteriochlorophyll-Synthesizing Budding Bacterium from Fresh Water

Fuerst

Hawkins

Holmes

et al. 1993

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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122

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Four strains of orange-or red-pigmented bacteria isolated from freshwater surfaces were shown to synthesize bacteriochlorophyll under aerobic conditions. These strains shared unusual morphological features, such as acellular stalks, crateriformlike structures, and buds, with bacteria in the order Plunctomycetules. However, comparisons of 16s rRNA sequences showed them to be members of the (11-4 subdivision of the class Proteobucteriu and most closely related to the marine aerobic bacteriochlorophyll-synthesizing bacterium Erythrobacter longus. They also differ from members of the Plunctomycetules phenotypically in their synthesis of bacteriochlorophyll and possession of a peptidoglycan cell wall. They can be distinguished from E. longus on the basis of their 16s rRNA sequence, the G+C content of their DNA, cellular fatty acid composition, and carbon substrate spectrum. A new genus, Porphyrobucter, with a single species, P. neustonensis gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed for these strains. The type strain is ACM 2844.Classical anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria typically exhibit repression of bacteriochlorophyll synthesis under aerobic conditions. Strains of several bacterial genera have however been shown to synthesize bacteriochlorophyll under aerobic conditions. Such bacteria include Erythrobacter longus (12, 41), "Erythrobacter sibericus" (61), Roseobacter litoralis and Roseobacter denitrificans (formerly Elythrobacter strain OCh 114) (40), Methylobacterium species (34), Rhodospirillum centenum (60), mutants of Rhodobacter sphaeroides (19,44), and the stem-nodulating Rhizobium strain BTAi 1 (6). The hot-spring mat bacterium Heliothk oregonensis may also synthesize bacteriochlorophyll aerobically under in situ conditions in nature, although this bacterium has not been grown in pure culture (29,30). Microorganisms of this physiological type have been referred to as the aerobic photosynthetic bacteria, with exclusion of the cyanobacteria being understood (39). Some are capable of photophosphorylation and may even possess photosynthetic reaction centers, although they appear not to be phototrophic (10,24,26,38,42,52).We have isolated bacteria capable of synthesizing bacteriochlorophyll under aerobic conditions from fresh water. These bacteria thus bear superficial resemblance to Erythrobacter species including the marine E. longus and the freshwater "E. sibericus." However, our freshwater strains also share some morphological and ultrastructural features with a distinctive group of budding bacteria distant from the class Proteobacteria, the planctomycetes. They display budding reproduction in a similar manner to that seen in the planctomycetes, produce some form of noncellular multifibrillar stalk or fascicle, and possess negative stain-collecting pits in the cell surface, termed crateriform structures, thought to be specific to planctomycetes (36). The phylogenetic possibility thus arose that these bacteria might be related to a quite distinct phylum of eubacteria distant from the Proteobacteria and furthermore on...

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“…Although seven species of the genus Blastobacter have been described, a number of these, including the type species, B. henricii, are not available for comparative purposes. Recent work by Stackebrandt and his colleagues (Rothe et al, 1987), using 16s ribosomal RNA cataloguing, have shown that the type strain of Blastobacter aggregatus also Pseudomonas aminovorans, methylamine utilizers 2075 belongs to the alpha sub-class of the Proteobacteria (and by implication rRNA superfamily IV). These workers found B. aggregatus to be more closely related (SAB = 0.84) to Agrobacterium tumefaciens DSM 30150 (= ATCC 4720), an organism which is a member of Agrobacterium cluster 1 (De Smedt & De Ley, 1977), than to Rhizobium feguminosarum ATCC 10004.…”

Section: Nucleic Acid Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of Pseudomonas aminovorans and Some Related Methylated Amine Utilizing Bacteria

Green¹,

Gillis

1989

Microbiology

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The phylogenetic position of the budding bacteria Blastobacter aggregatus and Gemmobacter aquatilis gen., nov. sp. nov.

Cited by 54 publications

References 31 publications

Transfer of Blastobacter natatorius (Sly 1985) to the Genus Blastomonas gen. nov. as Blastomonas natatoria comb. nov.

Transfer of Blastobacter natatorius (Sly 1985) to the Genus Blastomonas gen. nov. as Blastomonas natatoria comb. nov.

Porphyrobacter neustonensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an Aerobic Bacteriochlorophyll-Synthesizing Budding Bacterium from Fresh Water

Classification of Pseudomonas aminovorans and Some Related Methylated Amine Utilizing Bacteria

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