The Potential Health Benefits of the Subtropical Fruits Kiwifruit, Feijoa and Tamarillo

Skinner, S.J.M.; Hunter, Denise C.; Cho, Suengmok; Skinner, Margot A.

doi:10.1002/9781118635551.ch8

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…Both tamarillo peel and flesh contains several phytochemicals including flavonoids, anthocyanins, and carotenoids. 18,19 Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects of various concentrations of tamarillo peel extracts (TPE) in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cell line. Based on the literatures given, we hypothesized that TPE in various concentrations were able to reduce the production of PGE-2, IL-1β, and TNF-α as pro-inflammatory cytokines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum Cav.) Peel Extract in Lipopolysaccharide Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells

2021

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Abstrak: Obat anti inflamasi sering diresepkan dalam bidang kedokteran gigi. Umumnya obat-obat ini memiliki efek samping beragam, dari yang ringan hingga parah seperti perdarahan lambung. Oleh karena itu, bahan anti inflamasi yang alami dan lebih aman diperlukan sebagai alternatif. Solanum betaceum Cav., dikenal sebagai terong Belanda, merupakan buah eksotik yang dapat juga dipergunakan sebagai bahan obat. Limbah buah seperti kulit dan biji biasanya tidak dikonsumsi. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa limbah dari berbagai jenis buah mengandung senyawa bioaktif yang bermanfaat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sitotoksistas dan kemampuan anti-inflamasi dari ekstrak kulit terong Belanda terhadap makrofag lini RAW 264.7 yang diinduksi oleh lipopolisakarida (LPS). Sitotoksistas diuji untuk menentukan konsentrasi yang aman dengan menggunakan metode MTS. Aktivitas anti-inflamasi dinilai dengan membandingkan kadar PGE-2, TNF-α, dan IL-1β pada sel RAW 264.7 yang distimulasi LPS antara kelompok yang diberikan ekstrak dan yang tidak diberikan ekstrak menggunakan metode ELISA. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa ekstrak kulit terong Belanda dapat menekan produksi PGE-2, TNF-α, dan IL-1β pada sel RAW 264.7 yang diinduksi dengan LPS. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah ekstrak kulit Solanum betaceum Cav memiliki kemampuan antiinflamasi melalui penekanan produksi PGE-2, TNF-α, dan IL-1β pada sel RAW 264.7 yang diinduksi LPS.Kata kunci: ekstrak kulit Solanum betaceum Cav. (terong Belanda), sitotoksistas, antiinflamasi Abstract: Anti-inflammatory agents are commonly prescribed in dentistry. Most of them have side effects varying from mild to severe such as gastric bleeding. Therefore, a safer and natural anti-inflammatory agent is needed as an alternative. Solanum betaceum Cav., known as tamarillo, is one of exotic fruits used in traditional medicines. The fruit wastes such as peels and seeds, are usually unconsumed. However, many investigators have reported that wastes from numerous fruits had potent bioactive compounds. This study was aimed to assess the cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activities of tamarillo peel extract (TPE) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. The cytotoxicity of TPE was performed to determine the non-toxic concentration by using MTS method. The inflammatory markers measured in this study were PGE-2, TNF-α, and IL-1β. Their concentrations were measured by using ELISA based assay. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined by comparing the reduction of the inflammatory mediators between the LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cells treated with TPE and the non-treated group. This study revealed that TPE could reduce the production of PGE-2, TNF-α, and IL-1β in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In conclusion, tamarillo peel extract possess an anti-inflammatory effect by reducing the production of PGE-2, TNF-α, and IL-1β in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.Keywords: Solanum betaceum Cav. (tamarillo) peel extract, cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum Cav.) Peel Extract in Lipopolysaccharide Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells

2021

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“…Carotenoids are abundantly present in fruits and vegetables and are considered beneficial for human health. Although carotenoids are inherently unstable and degradation occurs during food preparation and storage, bioavailability of β-carotene from processed foods, such as carrot juice, can be up to 70 % higher as from raw carrots ( 1 ) . Thus, well-chosen food processing techniques can increase health benefits of fruit and vegetables.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of pH on the chemical stability of carotenoids in juice

2016

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Carotenoids are abundantly present in fruits and vegetables and are considered beneficial for human health. Although carotenoids are inherently unstable and degradation occurs during food preparation and storage, bioavailability of β-carotene from processed foods, such as carrot juice, can be up to 70 % higher as from raw carrots (1) . Thus, well-chosen food processing techniques can increase health benefits of fruit and vegetables. During juice and smoothie preparation, organic acids are released from sheered plant cells (2) . Carotenoids are sensitive to environmental factors such as light, temperature, oxygen as well to acidic conditions (3) . This study investigated the effect of pH on carotenoid stability in juice.Freshly prepared carrot juice (pH 6·07) was adjusted to pH 8, 7, 6, 5, 4 and 3 using citric acid or NaOH and stored at 4°C for 4 days. Juice samples were freeze-dried and total carotenoids extracted and quantified as previously described (4) . Neutral and slightly basic conditions (pH 8 and 7) reduced total carotenoid content by 26 % (p < 0·05) and acidic conditions (pH 6, 5, 4 and 3) increased the measured total carotenoid content in carrot juice by 18 %, 22 %, 27 % and 22 % respectively (p < 0·05) (Figure 1).When fresh fruit and vegetable juices (carrot, lemon, orange and apple) were blended to attain a pH of 3·15, 3·98 and 4·95, no carotenoid degradation was observed after 8 day storage at 4°C. A pH of 3·15 however resulted in a 16 % reduction of total carotenoids (p < 0·05) (Figure 2).These findings indicate that carotenoids in fresh juices were sensitive to pH. However, observed carotenoid degradation in fruit and vegetable juice was small (16-25 %). The apparent increase of total carotenoid content (∼20 %) in acidified carrot juice may be due to enhanced solubility of crystallized carotenoids present in the vacuoles of plant material (5) . While our findings confirm the notion that carotenoids are pH sensitive all observed variation were less than 25 %.

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“…Moreover, the peptide Ca Thi associated with fluconazole showed inhibitory activities toward C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. pelliculosa, C. buinensis , and C. mogii (Taveira et al, 2016). Furthermore, it has been shown that plant AMPs cause an inhibitory effect on biofilm formation (Mandal et al, 2011), revealing that fruits could be excellent sources of bioactive molecules with promising health benefits (Skinner and Hunter, 2013). …”

Section: Biotechnological Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Peptides from Fruits and Their Potential Use as Biotechnological Tools—A Review and Outlook

et al. 2017

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Bacterial resistance is a major threat to plant crops, animals and human health, and over the years this situation has increasingly spread worldwide. Due to their many bioactive compounds, plants are promising sources of antimicrobial compounds that can potentially be used in the treatment of infections caused by microorganisms. As well as stem, flowers and leaves, fruits have an efficient defense mechanism against pests and pathogens, besides presenting nutritional and functional properties due to their multifunctional molecules. Among such compounds, the antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) feature different antimicrobials that are capable of disrupting the microbial membrane and of acting in binding to intra-cytoplasmic targets of microorganisms. They are therefore capable of controlling or halting the growth of microorganisms. In summary, this review describes the major classes of AMPs found in fruits, their possible use as biotechnological tools and prospects for the pharmaceutical industry and agribusiness.

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The Potential Health Benefits of the Subtropical Fruits Kiwifruit, Feijoa and Tamarillo

Cited by 10 publications

References 152 publications

Cytotoxicity and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum Cav.) Peel Extract in Lipopolysaccharide Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells

Cytotoxicity and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum Cav.) Peel Extract in Lipopolysaccharide Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells

Effect of pH on the chemical stability of carotenoids in juice

Antimicrobial Peptides from Fruits and Their Potential Use as Biotechnological Tools—A Review and Outlook

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