The potential of neuroimaging for identifying predictors of adolescent alcohol use initiation and misuse

O’Halloran, Laura; Nymberg, Charlotte; Jollans, Lee; Garavan, Hugh; Whelan, Robert

doi:10.1111/add.13629

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Despite the well‐established links between impulsivity and alcohol misuse, neuroimaging predictors of alcohol use have only shown modest utility to date . The advantages of machine learning approaches are that the most important variables can be identified from a large search space and that correlated variables can be accommodated in the same model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory‐control event‐related potentials correlate with individual differences in alcohol use

et al. 2019

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Impulsivity is a multidimensional construct that is related to different aspects of alcohol use, abuse, and dependence. Inhibitory control, one facet of impulsivity, can be assayed using the stop-signal task (SST) and quantified behaviorally via the stopsignal reaction time (SSRT) and electrophysiologically using event-related potentials (ERPs). Research on the relationship between alcohol use and SSRTs, and between alcohol use and inhibitory-control ERPs, is mixed. Here, adult alcohol users (n = 79), with a wide range of scores on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), completed the SST under electroencephalography (EEG) (70% of participants had AUDIT total scores greater than or equal to 8). Other measures, including demographic, self-report, and task-based measures of impulsivity, personality, and psychological factors, were also recorded. A machine-learning method with penalized linear regression was used to correlate individual differences in alcohol use with impulsivity measures. Four separate models were tested, with out-of-sample validation used to quantify performance. ERPs alone statistically predicted alcohol use (cross-validated r = 0.28), with both early and late ERP components contributing to the model (larger N2, but smaller P3, amplitude). Behavioral data from a wide range of impulsivity measures were also associated with alcohol use (r = 0.37). SSRT was a relatively weak statistical predictor, whereas the Stroop interference effect was relatively strong. The addition of nonimpulsivity behavioral measures did not improve the correlation (r = 0.34) and was similar when ERPs were combined with non-ERP data (r = 0.29).These findings show that inhibitory control ERPs are robustly correlated individual differences in alcohol use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory‐control event‐related potentials correlate with individual differences in alcohol use

et al. 2019

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“…Machine learning is a useful method for interrogating complex data sets and has previously been shown to produce high classification accuracy for binged drinking versus nonbinge drinking groups (e.g., Squeglia et al., ; Whelan et al., ; for a review, see O'Halloran et al., ). As we have demonstrated here, such methods have the potential to facilitate the inclusion of a large number of variables and therefore can provide more nuanced insights into the relationship between alcohol use and psychological constructs, such as impulsivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Combination of Impulsivity Subdomains Predict Alcohol Intoxication Frequency

O’Halloran

Pennie

Jollans

et al. 2018

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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“…ADHD is associated with altered functional connectivity within and between the default, motor, cerebellar and frontoparietal networks Barber et al, 2015), although findings in relation to functional connectivity and ADHD remain relatively heterogenous (Castellanos and Aoki, 2016). Neurological and psychopathological research is increasingly revealing a dimensionality aspect to developmental disorders such as ADHD (Hudziak et al, 2007) and conceptualizing attention-related traits as existing along a continuum shifts the focus from diagnostic groups towards diagnostic dimensions (O'Halloran et al, 2017). For example, reduced ventromedial prefrontal gray matter volume was associated with increased IRV in adolescents with elevated ADHD symptoms (Albaugh et al, 2017).…”

Section: Irv and Adhdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural circuitry underlying sustained attention in healthy adolescents and in ADHD symptomatology

et al. 2018

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Moment-to-moment reaction time variability on tasks of attention, often quantified by intra-individual response variability (IRV), provides a good indication of the degree to which an individual is vulnerable to lapses in sustained attention. Increased IRV is a hallmark of several disorders of attention, including Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Here, task-based fMRI was used to provide the first examination of how average brain activation and functional connectivity patterns in adolescents are related to individual differences in sustained attention as measured by IRV. We computed IRV in a large sample of adolescents (n = 758) across 'Go' trials of a Stop Signal Task (SST). A data-driven, multi-step analysis approach was used to identify networks associated with low IRV (i.e., good sustained attention) and high IRV (i.e., poorer sustained attention). Low IRV was associated with greater functional segregation (i.e., stronger negative connectivity) amongst an array of brain networks, particularly between cerebellum and motor, cerebellum and prefrontal, and occipital and motor networks. In contrast, high IRV was associated with stronger positive connectivity within the motor network bilaterally and between motor and parietal, prefrontal, and limbic networks. Consistent with these observations, a separate sample of adolescents exhibiting elevated ADHD symptoms had increased fMRI activation and stronger positive connectivity within the same motor network denoting poorer sustained attention, compared to a matched asymptomatic control sample. With respect to the functional connectivity signature of low IRV, there were no statistically significant differences in networks denoting good sustained attention between the ADHD symptom group and asymptomatic control group. We propose that sustained attentional processes are facilitated by an array of neural networks working together, and provide an empirical account of how the functional role of the cerebellum extends to cognition in adolescents. This work highlights the involvement of motor cortex in the integrity of sustained attention, and suggests that atypically strong connectivity within motor networks characterizes poor attentional capacity in both typically developing and ADHD symptomatic adolescents.

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The potential of neuroimaging for identifying predictors of adolescent alcohol use initiation and misuse

Cited by 30 publications

References 67 publications

Inhibitory‐control event‐related potentials correlate with individual differences in alcohol use

Inhibitory‐control event‐related potentials correlate with individual differences in alcohol use

A Combination of Impulsivity Subdomains Predict Alcohol Intoxication Frequency

Neural circuitry underlying sustained attention in healthy adolescents and in ADHD symptomatology

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