The prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma with oral submucous fibrosis

Abstract

Objective: The objective of the study was to find out the prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) in patients with OSF. Materials and Methods: Of 48,757 patients, we found 300 OSF subjects. Three hundred patients of OSF were checked for OSCC. Both OSF and OSCC with OSF (OSCCwOSF) were diagnosed histopathologically. The prevalence of OSCCwOSF was calculated. Descriptive analysis was done. Chi-square test and t-test were calculated for proportions and mean, respectively, to check any difference among OSF and OSCCwOSF groups. Age-specific relative risk was calculated in OSF and OSCCwOSF groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis was done among odd ratios of the different variable between OSF and OSCCwOSF groups. Results: The prevalence of OSCCwOSF among OSF was 13.7% over a period of 1 year. The mean age of OSCCwOSF group was 43.95 ± 10.22 years in comparison to the OSF group that was 35.51 ± 11.26 years (P < 0.00). The mean habit duration was significantly less in the OSF group when compared to OSCCwOSFgroup for mishri (P = 0.002). Age-specific adjusted relative risk of OSCC in OSF patient increases from 0.33 (18–34 years) to 3.86 (≥65 years) Conclusion: It could be concluded that a 13.7% prevalence rate of OSCCwOSF in OSF patients should alert the clinician. Clinicians should, therefore, anticipate OSSC in OSF patients. This awareness could lead to the early diagnosis and management of such OSCC.

Influence of Risk Habits on Demographic Factors and its Impact on Oral Submucous Fibrosis

“…However, in the study of Salam et al 13 , OSMF was dominant in 2 nd decade of life. Similar findings were reported by Saalim et al 18 , Hosein et al 19 According to Merchant et al 20 , two decades ago mean age of presentation of OSMF in Pakistan was 48.8±11.6 whereas, in current study the mean age was 30.26±14.12 years. This shows an alarming shift of incidence of OSMF from 4 th decade to 3 rd decade of life, which might ultimately progress to early malignant transformations resulting in high incidence of OSCC leading to increased morbidity and mortality.…”

“…In the present study, there were 59.04% males and 40.96% females with male to female ratio being 1.4:1 which is similar to findings of Tariq et al 17 , Hosein et al 19 , and Memon et al 21 conducted in Pakistan. However, these findings are inconsistent with recent literature in India as reported by Saalim et al 18 and Gondivkar et al 22 , where male to female ratio was 6.4:1 and 7.5:1 respectively. Kumar 15 reported male to female ratio of 21.3:1.…”

Unusually Large Erupted Complex Odontoma in Anterior Maxilla

“…As, these tumors are often associated with impacted teeth, the possibility of eruption of the impacted tooth, after a supposed obstructive odontoma has been surgically removed remains an important issue. Corticosteroids can be administered after surgical removal of odontoma to reduce post surgical pain as corticosteroids are a class of compounds secreted endogenously by the adrenal cortex and manufactured as synthetic analogues for therapeutic use, predominantly because of their powerful anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties [18][19][20] . In children, the impacted permanent teeth, depending on the age of the child and the stage of tooth development, may be left to erupt by itself or may be guided to occlusion via orthodontic traction [3,4] .…”

Study on the mechanism of SALL4 down-regulation in promoting the invasion and migration of oral squamous cell carcinoma and influencing the survival and prognosis of patients

“…The SALL4 gene forms a regulatory network with other stem cellrelated genes (such as OCT-4, NANOG, Sox2, etc.) and plays a crucial role in embryonic development and formation (11). Mutation of the SALL4 gene can lead to the occurrence of a variety of genetic diseases (12).…”