The primary structures and myotropic activities of two tachykinins isolated from the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis

Johansson, Ågot; Holmgren, Susanne; Conlon, J. Michael

doi:10.1016/s0167-0115(02)00154-4

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Consistent with findings from other species (Ericson et al, 2002;Furness et al, 2020;Horie et al, 2005;Johansson et al, 2002;Keast et al, 1987;Lindeström & Ekblad, 2002;Makowska & Gonkowski, 2018;Mazzuoli et al, 2008;Palus et al, 2018;Poonyachoti et al, 2002;Rasmussen et al, 2001;Reinecke et al, 1997;Schemann et al, 2001;Schmidt et al, 1996;Shochina et al, 1997;Yip et al, 2003;Yu et al, 2016), we found SP-IR axon innervation in the myenteric plexus and muscular layers of the stomach in mice. SP-IR varicose axons ran in parallel with the longitudinal and circular muscles, and they innervated myenteric ganglia very densely with synapse-like contacts around the somata of individual neurons.…”

Section: Innervation Of Sp-ir Axons In Flat Mounts Of the Whole Stoma...supporting

confidence: 92%

“…Previously, studies have shown that SP‐IR fibers innervate the GI tract of frogs, hamsters, mice, rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, pigs, lambs, and humans. However, most studies were based on tissue sections that disturb the continuity of nerve fibers (Ericson et al., 2002; Horie et al., 2005; Johansson et al., 2002; Keast et al., 1987; Lindeström & Ekblad, 2002; Makowska & Gonkowski, 2018; Mazzuoli et al., 2008; Palus et al, 2018; Poonyachoti et al., 2002; Rasmussen et al., 2001; Reinecke et al., 1997; Schmidt et al., 1996; Shochina et al., 1997; Yip et al., 2003; Yu et al., 2016). In some studies, SP‐IR fibers were examined in flat mounts that only represented a particular area of an organ (Costa et al., 1980; Vanden Burgh et al., 1999); thus, these studies could not construct a comprehensive map of the topographical distribution of SP‐IR fibers in whole organs with high resolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Topographical organization and morphology of substance P (SP)‐immunoreactive axons in the whole stomach of mice

Mistareehi

Madas

et al. 2022

J of Comparative Neurology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nociceptive afferents innervate the stomach and send signals centrally to the brain and locally to stomach tissues. Nociceptive afferents can be detected with a variety of different markers. In particular, substance P (SP) is a neuropeptide and is one of the most commonly used markers for nociceptive nerves in the somatic and visceral organs. However, the topographical distribution and morphological structure of SPimmunoreactive (SP-IR) axons and terminals in the whole stomach have not yet been fully determined. In this study, we labeled SP-IR axons and terminals in flat mounts of the ventral and dorsal halves of the stomach of mice. Flat-mount stomachs, including the longitudinal and circular muscular layers and the myenteric ganglionic plexus, were processed with SP primary antibody followed by fluorescent secondary antibody and then scanned using confocal microscopy. We found that (1) SP-IR axons and terminals formed an extensive network of fibers in the muscular layers and within the ganglia of the myenteric plexus of the whole stomach. (2) Many axons that ran in parallel with the long axes of the longitudinal and circular muscles were also immunoreactive for the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT). (3) SP-IR axons formed very dense terminal varicosities encircling individual neurons in the myenteric plexus; many of these were VAChT immunoreactive. (4) The regional density of SP-IR axons and terminals in the muscle and myenteric plexus varied in the following order from high to low: antrum-pylorus, corpus, fundus, and cardia. (5) In only the longitudinal and circular muscles, the regional density of SP-IR axon innervation from high to low were: antrumpylorus, corpus, cardia, and fundus. ( 6) The innervation patterns of SP-IR axons and terminals in the ventral and dorsal stomach were comparable. Collectively, our data provide for the first time a map of the distribution and morphology of SP-IR axons and terminals in the whole stomach with single-cell/axon/synapse resolution. This work will establish an anatomical foundation for functional mapping of the SP-IR axon innervation of the stomach and its pathological remodeling in gastrointestinal diseases.

show abstract

Section: Innervation Of Sp-ir Axons In Flat Mounts Of the Whole Stoma...supporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topographical organization and morphology of substance P (SP)‐immunoreactive axons in the whole stomach of mice

Mistareehi

Madas

et al. 2022

J of Comparative Neurology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…of the M2-type) may be expressed during this stage. The consistently excitatory effect of the tachykinin NKA through metamorphosis, with possibly only a slightly lower potency after metamorphosis, supports previous studies of the Xenopus gut, both in newly hatched tadpoles (Sundqvist and Holmgren, 2006) and in adult Xenopus (Johansson et al, 2002). In the present study, mammalian NKA was used, since the study by Johansson et al (Johansson et al, 2002) showed that there was no difference in potency or maximal effect between endogenous Xenopus NKA and mammalian NKA.…”

Section: Carbachol and Nkasupporting

confidence: 88%

Changes in the control of gastric motor activity during metamorphosis in the amphibian Xenopus laevis, with special emphasis on purinergic mechanisms

Sundqvist

Holmgren

2008

Journal of Experimental Biology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYThe stomach of the amphibian Xenopus laevis is subject to extensive remodelling during metamorphosis. We investigated the changes in gastric activity control during this period using in vitro circular smooth muscle preparations mounted in organ baths. The nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME increased mean force in metamorphic and juvenile frogs but not in prometamorphic tadpoles. Serotonin

show abstract

“…None of the effects of adenosine, ATP, or ␣-␤-MeATP could be blocked by TTX at a concentration previously shown to be effective in gastrointestinal tissue isolated from Xenopus (18). Thus, P1 and P2 receptors appear to be situated directly For concentration-response curves, statistical analysis was performed using repeated measures one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's post hoc test A: concentration-dependent increase in mean force was obtained with 2-MeSATP Ն 30 M in prometamorphic (n ϭ 9) and metamorphic (n ϭ 5) tadpoles, P Ͻ 0.05.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Developmental changes of purinergic control of intestinal motor activity during metamorphosis in the African clawed frog,Xenopus laevis

Sundqvist

2007

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Little is known about the purinergic regulation of intestinal motor activity in amphibians. Purinergic control of intestinal motility is subject to changes during development in mammals. The aim of this study was to investigate purinergic control of intestinal smooth muscle in the amphibian Xenopus laevis and explore possible changes in this system during the developmental phase of metamorphosis. Effects of purinergic compounds on mean force and contraction frequency in intestinal circular muscle strips from prometamorphic, metamorphic, and juvenile animals were investigated. Before metamorphosis, low concentrations of ATP reduced motor activity, whereas the effects were reversed at higher concentrations. ATP-induced relaxation was not inhibited by the P2-receptor antagonist pyridoxalphosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid (PPADS) but was blocked by the ecto-nucleotidase inhibitor 6-N,N-diethyl-d-beta,gamma-dibromomethylene ATP (ARL67256), indicating that an ATP-derived metabolite mediated the relaxation response at this stage. Adenosine induced relaxation before, during, and after metamorphosis, which was blocked by the A(1)-receptor antagonist 1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine (DPCPX). The stable ATP-analog adenosine 5'-[gamma-thio]-triphosphate (ATPgammaS) and 2-methylthioATP (2-MeSATP) elicited contractions in the circular muscle strips in prometamorphic tadpoles. However, in juvenile froglets, 2-MeSATP caused relaxation, as did ATPgammaS at low concentrations. The P2Y(11)/P2X(1)-receptor antagonist NF157 antagonized the ATPgammaS-induced relaxation. The P2X-preferring agonist alpha-beta-methyleneadenosine 5'-triphosphate (alpha-beta-MeATP) evoked PPADS-sensitive increases in mean force at all stages investigated. This study demonstrates the existence of an adenosine A(1)-like receptor mediating relaxation and a P2X-like receptor mediating contraction in the X. laevis gut before, during, and after metamorphosis. Furthermore, the development of a P2Y(11)-like receptor-mediated relaxation during metamorphosis is shown.

show abstract

The primary structures and myotropic activities of two tachykinins isolated from the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Topographical organization and morphology of substance P (SP)‐immunoreactive axons in the whole stomach of mice

Topographical organization and morphology of substance P (SP)‐immunoreactive axons in the whole stomach of mice

Changes in the control of gastric motor activity during metamorphosis in the amphibian Xenopus laevis, with special emphasis on purinergic mechanisms

Developmental changes of purinergic control of intestinal motor activity during metamorphosis in the African clawed frog,Xenopus laevis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About