Background: In this study, we applied a composite index of neutrophil-lymphocyte à platelet ratio (NLPR), and explore the significance of the dynamics of perioperative NLPR in predicting cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI). Methods: During July 1 st and December 31 th 2019, participants were prospectively derived from the 'Zhongshan Cardiovascular Surgery Cohort'. NLPR was determined using neutrophil counts, lymphocyte and platelet count at the two-time points. Dose-response relationship analyses were applied to delineate the non-linear odds ratio (OR) of CSA-AKI in different NLPR levels. Then NLPRs were integrated into the generalized estimating equation (GEE) to predict the risk of AKI. Results: Of 2449 patients receiving cardiovascular surgery, 838 (34.2%) cases developed CSA-AKI with stage 1 (n ¼ 658, 26.9%), stage 2-3 (n ¼ 180, 7.3%). Compared with non-AKI patients, both preoperative and postoperative NLPR were higher in AKI patients (1.